Table 2.

HF^a-related problems and examples.

Problem categories	Examples
Monitoring and managing HF symptoms	Fatigue (tiredness) Forgetfulness Edema (swelling) Activity intolerance Difficulty breathing (shortness of breath)
Staying on your special diet program	Access to suitable foods Shopping for and cooking correct foods Limiting fluids (if recommended) Barriers to eating foods with less salt Personal food likes and dislikes Not sure how to read and understand food labels
Staying on your HF treatment program	Take daily weights Exercise regularly (as recommended) Keep regular health care visits Get immunizations (flu, RSVb, pneumonia, and COVID-19) Use oxygen (as directed) Stop smoking
Dealing with unhelpful emotions	Sadness Anxiety Decreased quality of life Depression Anger Negative life changes
Social isolation and loneliness	Unable to do normal activities (community, church, family, and friends) Fewer or no invitations to social events with friends and family Feeling as if you have no one to turn to for support Feeling alone
Medicine management	Difficulty in obtaining medicine Unable to pay for medicine Problems in preparing medicine Trouble in taking medicine on time Taking several medicines for other health problems
Health beliefs	How you view your health and wellness (accept, do not accept, positive, or negative) How well you think you can do health activities for yourself (good, ok, or not well) Your view of how well the heart medicine and treatment works (works well, no change, or does not help)
Caring for yourself (self-autonomy)	You want to do everything for yourself and or make health care decisions whether you can or not Family or friends want to do everything for you and or make health care decisions whether you can or not
Social support and community resources	Family or friends who live close by Church members and social group friends Neighbors Local senior center Home health Grocery store or grocery delivery programs nearby Food pantry Pharmacy nearby Public transportation
Managing HF and other health issues	Managing HF and: Diabetes Neurological disorders

^aHF: heart failure.

^bRSV: respiratory syncytial virus.