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. 2025 Mar 28;10:1535815. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2025.1535815

Table 3.

Results from the exploratory factorial analysis.

PAQ items Factor loading
Total (436) Male (134) Female (302)
F1 F2 F1 F2 F1 F2
Factor 1: masculinity-instrumentality (M)
Independent 0.09 0.49 0.13 0.36 0.16 0.49
Active 0.34 0.45 0.55 0.35 0.29 0.44
Competitive −0.13 0.36 0.04 0.41 −0.13 0.32
Can make decisions easily −0.13 0.63 0.15 0.68 −0.20 0.65
Never gives up −0.01 0.43 0.19 0.41 −0.04 0.43
Self-confident −0.01 0.71 0.01 0.66 0.05 0.72
Feels superior −0.04 0.66 0.13 0.58 −0.01 0.66
Stands up well under pressure 0.04 0.50 0.16 0.45 0.06 0.49
Factor 2: femininity-expressivity (F)
Emotional 0.48 −0.26 0.48 −0.35 0.50 −0.24
Able to devote self completely to others 0.51 −0.21 0.45 −0.18 0.54 −0.25
Gentle 0.32 0.05 0.55 −0.19 0.26 0.10
Helpful to others 0.62 0.03 0.77 −0.15 0.61 0.00
Kind 0.74 0.00 0.80 −0.09 0.80 −0.07
Aware of feelings of others 0.59 0.06 0.51 0.15 0.62 0.03
Understanding of others 0.68 0.09 0.73 0.12 0.66 0.06
Warm in relation with others 0.53 0.20 0.61 0.08 0.52 0.20

F = Factor. The extraction method was Diagonally Weighted Least Squares (RDWLS) with an oblique (Promin) rotation. Factor loadings above than 0.30 are in bold. KMO = 0.80; KMO male = 0.77; KMO female = 0.80.