| SNP | Single nucleotide polymorphism |
| MAF | Minor allele frequency |
| WGS | Whole-genome sequencing |
| θπ | Nucleotide diversity |
| XP-EHH | Cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity |
| GO | Gene ontology |
| KEGG | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes |
| NJ | Neighbor-joining |
| PCA | Principal component analysis |
| ROH | Runs of homozygosity |
| LD | Linkage disequilibrium |
| Fst | Fixation index |
| fd | Gene flow values |
| Dxy | Absolute divergence |
| AG | Angus cattle |
| HL | Hereford cattle |
| ZX | Jersey cattle |
| LM | Limousin cattle |
| XM | Simmental cattle |
| MG | Mongolian cattle |
| XZ | Tibetan cattle |
| YB | Yanbian cattle |
| HN | Korean cattle |
| RB | Japanese cattle |
| QC | Qinchuan cattle |
| LX | Luxi cattle |
| Yang Ba | Yangba cattle |
| NY | Nanyang cattle |
| BS | Bashan cattle |
| DZ | Dianzhong cattle |
| BH | Indian cattle |
| WS | Wenshan cattle |
| JJ | Jinjiang cattle |
| WN | Wannan cattle |
| LQ | Leiqiong cattle |