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. 2025 Mar 24;17(7):1082. doi: 10.3390/cancers17071082
AI Artificial intelligence
ALL Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
APC Adenomatous polyposis coli
BRAF B-raf proto-OG, serine/threonine kinase
CDK Cyclin-dependent kinases
CML Chronic myeloid leukemia
CRC Colorectal cancer
DBD DNA-binding domain
EGF Epidermal growth factor
EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor
EMT Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
FGFR Fibroblast growth factor receptor
GAP GTPase-activating protein
GPCR G-protein coupled receptor
HER2 Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
HGFR Hepatocyte growth factor receptor
IGFR Insulin-like growth factor receptor
ING1 Inhibitor of growth family member 1
JNK c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase
KRAS Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
lncRNA Long non-coding RNA
MDM2 Murine double minute 2
MIIP Migration and invasion inhibitory protein
miRNA MicroRNA
NGS Next-generation sequencing
NKRF NF-kB repressing factor
NSCLC Non-small cell lung carcinoma
OG Oncogene
PDAC Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
PDGFR Platelet-derived growth factor receptor
PDK1 Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1
PI3K Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
PIP2 Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
PIP3 Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate
PRLR Prolactin receptor
Proto-OG Proto-oncogene
Rb Retinoblastoma (protein)
RB1 Retinoblastoma (gene)
RSV Rous sarcoma virus
RTK Receptor tyrosine kinase
SCFR Stem cell factor receptor
SMT Somatic mutation theory of carcinogenesis
sncRNA Small non-coding RNA
TCF/LEF T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor
TME Tumor microenvironment
TK Tyrosine kinase
TSG Tumor-suppressor gene
VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor