BCL-2	B-cell lymphoma 2
cAMP	cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway
CAT	catalase
CDK 1	cyclin-dependent kinase 1
CDK4	cyclin-dependent kinase 4
COPD	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
COX-1	cyclooxygenase 1
DNA	deoxyribonucleic acid
DSS	dextran sodium sulfate
FDA	food and drug administration
GC/MS	gas chromatography mass spectrum
GCLC	glutamate cysteine ligase comprising of catalytic subunit
GCLM	glutamate-cysteine ligase, modifier subunit
GES-1	gastric epithelial cells
GSH	glutathione
GUs	gastric ulcers
HCT116	human carcinoma cells and large intestine cells
HDAC	histone deacetylase
HFD	high-fat diet
HIV/AIDS	human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
HO-1	heme oxygenase-1
HPLC-DAD	high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection
IBD	inflammatory bowel disease
ICAM-1	intercellular adhesion molecule 1
IFN-γ	interferon gamma
IkB-α	inhibitor of kappa B alpha
IL-1β	interleukin-1 beta
IP3R	inositol triphosphate receptors
KEAP1	kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
LC50	lethal concentration 50
M1	macrophages markers-1
MCP-1	monocyte chemotactic protein-1
MDA	malondialdehyde
MIC	minimum inhibitory concentration
MMPs	matrix metalloproteinases
MOR	mu-opioid receptor
MR	mannose receptor
NAD(P)H	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate)
NAFLD	non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
NF-κB	nuclear factor-kappa B
NMR	nuclear magnetic resonance
NO	nitrous oxide
NQO1	quinone oxidoreductase 1
Nrf2	nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
NSAIDs	nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NSCLC	non-small cell lung cancer
PCLE	patchouli ethyl acetate
PCLH	patchouli hexane
PFOS	perfluoro octane sulfonate
PGE2	prostaglandin E2
P-gp	P-glycoprotein
PHE	phenylephrine
PXR	pregnane X receptor
ROCCS	rapid overlay of chemical conformations and structures
ROCCS	receptor-operated Ca2+ channels
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RYR	ryanodine receptors
SCFA-GPR	short-chain fatty acid-G protein-coupled receptor
SCLC	small cell lung cancer
SOD	superoxide dismutase
SOM	secretory otitis media
TLC	thin-layer chromatography
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-α
TOF	time-of-flight
UC	ulcerative colitis
VCAM-1	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1
VCR	vincristine
VDCCS	voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit
VLDL	very low-density lipoproteins
β-PAE	β-patchoulene