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. 2025 Mar 22;17(7):1113. doi: 10.3390/nu17071113
3PG 3-phospho glycerate
5,10-MTHFD 5,10-methyltetrahydrofolate
5,10-MeTHFD 5,10-methyltetrahydrofuran
6-PG 6-phosphogluconate
6-PGDL 6-phosphonoglucono-D-lactone
AC acetic acid
AcCoA acetyl-CoA
ADE adenine
ADO 2-aminoethanethiol dioxygenase
AKG α-ketoglutarate
ALA alanine
AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase
ANOVA Analysis of Variance
ARG arginine
ASN asparagine
ASP aspartate
ATCC American Type Culture Collection
ATP adenosine triphosphate
BSA bovine serum albumin
CDP Cytidine diphosphate
CIS-ACO cis-aconitic acid
CIT citrate
CO2 carbon dioxide
CYS cysteine
CYSTA cystathionine
CP carbamoyl phosphate
CTR control
DCFDA dichloro-dihydro-fluoresceine-diacetate
DHAP dihydroxyacetone phosphate
GAP glyceraldehyde phosphate
DMEM Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
E4P erythrose 4-phosphate
EAA essential amino acid
EMU elementary metabolite unit
F1,6BP fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
FBS fetal bovine serum
FCCP carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone
FOL folate
FUM fumarate
G3P glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
GLC glucose
GLC.x extracellular glucose
GLC-6P glucose-6-phosphate
GLN glutamine
GLN.x extracellular glutamine
GLU L-glutamate
GLU.x extracellular L-glutamate
GLU 5P glutamate-5phosphate
GLY glycine
GLYC-3P glycerol 3-phosphate
GMP guanosine monophosphate
GSH glutathione
GSSG glutathione disulfide
GUA Guanine
HCY homocysteine
HTAU hypotaurine
IMP inosine monophosphate
ISOCT isocitrate
LAC lactate
LAC.x extracellular lactate
LB lower bound
LC-MS liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
LDH lactate dehydrogenase
LEU leucine
LYS lysine
MAL malate
MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase
MET methionine
MFA metabolic flux analysis
NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NEAA non-essential amino acids
NF1 neurofibromin 1
OAA oxaloacetate
OCR oxygen consumption rate
OD optical density
ORA Over Representation Analysis
ORN ornithine
OXPHOS oxidative phosphorylation
P5C pyrroline-5-carboxylate
PDH pyruvate dehydrogenase
PFP pentafluorophenyl
PHE phenylalanine
PPP pentose phosphate pathway
PRO proline
PRPP phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate
PYR pyruvate
RIPA Radio-Immunoprecipitation Assay
ROS reactive oxygen species
RPMI Roswell Park Memorial Institute
RU-5P ribulose-5-phosphate
SAH S-adenosyl homocysteine
SAM S-adenosyl methionine
SED-7P sedoheptulose 7-phosphate
SER serine
SMPDB Small Molecule Pathway Database
STDERR standard error
SUCC succinate
TAU taurine
TBS Tris-Buffered Saline
TCA tricarboxylic acid
THR threonine
TRP tryptophan
TYR tyrosine
UAC uric acid
UB upper bound
UDP-GLC uridine diphosphate glucose
UHPLC-QTOF ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight
VAL valine
XYL-5P xylulose 5-phosphate