| BMI | Body Mass Index |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| HF | Heart failure |
| LVEF | Left ventricular ejection fraction |
| HFrEF | Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction |
| HFmrEF | Heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction |
| HFpEF | Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction |
| DXA | Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry |
| BIA | Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis |
| DASH diet | Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet |
| GLP-1 receptor | Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor |
| KCCQ-CSS | Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary Score |
| hs-CRP | High-sensitivity C-reactive protein |
| NT-proBNP | N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide |
| GIP receptor | glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor |
| IL-1 | Interleukin-1 |