| YOLO | You Only Look Once |
| RFAG-YOLO | receptive field attention-guided YOLO |
| RFN | receptive field network |
| SAF | scale-aware feature |
| RPN | Region Proposal Network |
| SSD | Single Shot MultiBox Detector |
| PGI | Programmable Gradient Information |
| NMS | Non-Maximum Suppression |
| SAS-FPN | multi-scale feature pyramid network |
| CBAM | Convolutional Block Attention Module |
| RFA | receptive field attention |
| PAN-FPN | path aggregation network–feature pyramid network |
| DFL | Distribution Focal Loss |
| FPN | feature pyramid network |
| FPS | frames per second |
| Grad-CAM | Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping |
| PANet | path aggregation network |
| ESDNet | Effective Small Object Detection Network |
| EDF-FAM | Enhanced Dual-Path Feature Fusion Attention Module |
| FDR | Fine-grained Distribution Refinement |
| GO-LSD | Global Optimal Localization Self-Distillation |