Table 2.
Association between work productivity and participants’ characteristics.
| Absenteeism |
Presenteeism |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | P-value | No | Yes | P-value | |||||
| n (%) | 522 | (93.4) | 37 | (6.6) | – | 509 | (91.1) | 50 | (8.9) | – |
| Age, mean (SD)a | 38.1 | (11.3) | 39.8 | (11.2) | 0.386 | 38.5 | (11.4) | 35.0 | (10.4) | 0.036 |
| Present teeth, mean (SD)a | 27.8 | (2.4) | 27.4 | (2.4) | 0.276 | 27.8 | (2.4) | 28.1 | (2.4) | 0.449 |
| Periodontitis, n (%)b | 157 | (30.1) | 11 | (29.7) | 0.965 | 154 | (30.3) | 14 | (28.0) | 0.740 |
| Decayed teeth, mean (SD) | 1.5 | (2.5) | 1.1 | (2.2) | – | 1.4 | (2.4) | 2.2 | (3.3) | – |
| median (IQR)c | 0 | (0, 2) | 0 | (0, 1) | 0.118 | 0 | (0, 2) | 1 | (0, 3) | 0.057 |
| Denture use, n (%)d | 11 | (2.1) | 2 | (5.4) | 0.210 | 11 | (2.2) | 2 | (4.0) | 0.327 |
| GOHAI score, mean (SD) | 54.1 | (6.0) | 49.1 | (8.7) | – | 54.3 | (5.8) | 47.8 | (8.1) | – |
| median (IQR)c | 56 | (50, 59) | 50 | (44, 57) | <0.001 | 56 | (51, 59) | 49.0 | (42, 54) | <0.001 |
| GOHAI subscale score, median (IQR) | ||||||||||
| Physical function (range: 0–25)c | 24 | (22, 25) | 21 | (18, 24) | <0.001 | 24 | (22, 25) | 21 | (17, 23) | <0.001 |
| Psychosocial function (range: 0–25)c | 23 | (21, 25) | 22 | (18, 23) | 0.003 | 23 | (21, 25) | 20 | (18, 23) | <0.001 |
| Pain/discomfort (range: 0–10)c | 9 | (8, 10) | 8 | (6, 10) | 0.003 | 9 | (8, 10) | 8 | (6, 10) | <0.001 |
| Low GOHAI, n (%)b | 235 | (45.0) | 25 | (67.6) | 0.008 | 221 | (43.4) | 39 | (78.0) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%)d | 15 | (2.9) | 0 | (0.0) | 0.614 | 15 | (2.9) | 0 | (0.0) | 0.383 |
| Hypertension, n (%)d | 69 | (13.2) | 1 | (2.7) | 0.070 | 68 | (13.4) | 2 | (4.0) | 0.070 |
| Smoking, n (%)b | 153 | (29.3) | 9 | (24.3) | 0.518 | 149 | (29.3) | 13 | (26.0) | 0.626 |
| High job stress, n (%)b | 97 | (18.6) | 7 | (18.9) | 0.959 | 92 | (18.1) | 12 | (24.0) | 0.304 |
| Occupational category | ||||||||||
| Blue-collar, n (%)b | 290 | (55.6) | 11 | (29.7) | 0.887 | 287 | (56.4) | 24 | (48.0) | 0.255 |
| Education ≥13 years, n (%)b | 210 | (40.2) | 22 | (59.5) | 0.207 | 203 | (39.9) | 18 | (36.0) | 0.592 |
SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; GOHAI, general oral health assessment index (oral health-related QOL).
a
Student's t-test.
b
Chi-square test.
c
Mann–Whitney U test.
d
Fisher's exact test.