Table 1.
Total sample characteristics and comparison of RCM, HCM, and RP-HCM.
| Variables | Total (n = 212) | RCM (n = 36) | HCM (n = 169) | RP-HCM (n = 7) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, years | 0.83 (0.33, 7.00) | 4.00 (1.48,9.00) | 0.67 (0.33,5.00)* | 8.00 (5.00,11.50) |
| Sex | ||||
| Girl | 74 (34.91%) | 10 (27.78%) | 61 (36.09%) | 3 (42.86%) |
| Boy | 138 (65.09%) | 26 (72.22%) | 108 (63.91%) | 4 (57.14%) |
| Admission route | ||||
| Outpatient | 111 (52.36%) | 90 (53.25%) | 16 (44.44%) | 5 (71.43%) |
| Emergency | 40 (18.87%) | 34 (20.12%) | 6 (16.67%) | NA |
| Transferred | 61 (28.77%) | 45 (26.63%) | 14 (38.89%) | 2 (28.57%) |
| Modified ROSS classification | ||||
| I–II | 86 (40.57%) | 13 (36.11%) | 73 (43.20%) | NA |
| III–IV | 126 (59.43%) | 23 (63.89%) | 96 (56.80%) | 7 (100.00%) |
| Diagnostic-related | ||||
| Initial Diagnosis | 150 (70.75%) | 27 (75.00%) | 121 (71.60%) | 2 (28.57%) |
| Primary combined disease | ||||
| Infection | 160 (75.47%) | 24 (66.67%) | 135 (79.88%) | 1 (14.29%) |
| Heart Failure | 109 (51.42%) | 26 (72.22%) | 76 (44.97%)* | 7 (100.00%) |
| Arrhythmia | 43 (20.28%) | 7 (19.44%) | 32 (18.93%) | 4 (57.14%) |
| Auxiliary examination | ||||
| Electrocardiogram | ||||
| ST-T changes | 83 (39.15%) | 56 (33.14%) | 23 (63.89%)* | 4 (57.14%) |
| QT prolongation | 48 (22.64%) | 35 (20.71%) | 10 (27.78%) | 3 (42.86%) |
| High PR | 18 (8.49%) | 15 (8.88%) | 2 (5.56%) | 1 (14.29%) |
| Ventricular hypertrophy | 66 (31.13%) | 54 (31.95%) | 10 (27.78%) | 2 (28.57%) |
| Atrial Hypertrophy | 42 (19.81%) | 24 (14.20%) | 15 (41.67%)* | 3 (42.86%) |
| LVEF, % | 62.34 ± 11.96 | 58.19 ± 10.26 | 63.50 ± 12.20* | 55.71 ± 7.70 |
| LVFS, % | 33.90 ± 10.27 | 30.33 ± 6.49 | 34.88 ± 10.86* | 28.57 ± 5.13 |
| E/A ratio | 1.37 ± 0.49 | 1.67 ± 0.54 | 1.31 ± 0.45* | 1.30 ± 0.65 |
| IVRT, s | 69.42 ± 28.85 | 80.14 ± 25.72 | 66.25 ± 27.51* | 90.71 ± 52.21 |
| RVSP, mmHg | 28.89 ± 14.16 | 36.78 ± 21.58 | 26.76 ± 10.56* | 39.71 ± 23.89 |
| Valvular regurgitation | 123 (58.02%) | 35 (97.22%) | 81 (47.93%)* | 7 (100.00%) |
| Pericardial effusion | 39 (18.40%) | 13 (36.11%) | 25 (14.79%)* | 1 (14.29%) |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 42 (19.81%) | 14 (38.89%) | 24 (14.20%)* | 4 (57.14%) |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Length of hospital stay, days | 12.09 ± 11.75 | 14.53 ± 17.66 | 11.66 ± 10.30 | 10.00 ± 4.43 |
| Hospitalization outcome | ||||
| Survival | 201 (94.81%) | 35 (97.22%) | 160 (94.67%) | 6 (85.71%) |
| Death | 11 (5.19%) | 1 (2.78%) | 9 (5.33%) | 1 (14.29%) |
| Duration of follow-up, years | 4.24 (1.87, 7.61) | 5.55 (1.94, 9.55) | 4.27 (1.78, 6.76)* | 2.35 (1.57, 2.89) |
| Age at the end of follow-up, years | 7.56 (3.74, 12.51) | 9.83 (7.36,13.95) | 6.65 (3.40,11.95)* | 8.80 (7.76,14.08) |
| Follow-up outcomes | ||||
| Death | 43 (20.28%) | 7 (19.44%) | 33 (19.53%) | 3 (42.86%) |
| Survival | 158 (75.53%) | 26 (72.22%) | 129 (76.33%) | 3 (42.86%) |
| Lost | 11 (5.19%) | 3 (8.33%) | 7 (4.14%) | 1 (14.29%) |
HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; RCM, restrictive cardiomyopathy; RP-HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with restrictive phenotype; Transferred, transferred from other medical institutions group; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVFS, left ventricular fractional shortening; IVRT, isovolumic relaxation time; RVSP, right ventricular systolic pressure.
*
Comparison with RCM group, P < 0.05.