TABLE 4—

Odds Ratios for 12-Month Major Depression: Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis (n = 7690)

Characteristic	Odds Ratio for Depression	95% Confidence Interval
Race/ethnicity
White	Reference
African American	0.62	0.49, 0.79
Hispanic	0.92	0.61, 1.38
Sociodemographics
Female	1.39	1.17, 1.65
Aged 60–65 years	0.61	0.49, 0.75
Marital status
Married/lives with partner	Reference
Divorced/widowed	1.53	1.14, 2.07
Single	1.06	0.62, 1.83
Lives alone	1.05	0.77, 1.43
Has child	1.32	0.87, 1.98
Has grandchild	0.92	0.71, 1.19
Parent alive	1.06	0.83, 1.36
Helps parent with basic activities	1.47	1.13, 1.91
Health needs
Life-threatening condition(s)	1.60	1.31, 1.96
Other chronic condition(s)	1.17	0.87, 1.58
Physical limitation(s)	2.35	1.88, 2.94
Any IADL limitation	1.25	0.88, 1.77
Any ADL limitation	1.74	1.25, 2.43
Current smoker	1.34	1.10, 1.64
Alcohol use
None in past 3 months	Reference
Less than 3 drinks/day	0.84	0.65, 1.08
3 or more drinks/day	1.16	0.69, 1.92
Lack of regular exercise	1.34	1.06, 1.69
Economic resources
Education less than 12 years	1.05	0.85, 1.29
Household income less than 25th percentile	0.96	0.73, 1.26
Family wealth less than 25th percentile	1.20	0.87, 1.66
Health insurance
Private/other	Reference
Government only	1.28	1.01, 1.64
No health insurance	1.49	1.10, 2.02
Employment
Working	Reference
Retired/homemaker	1.28	0.99, 1.66
Not employed	1.77	1.27, 2.48

Note. In instances in which 95% confidence intervals exclude 1, odds ratios and confidence intervals are shown in boldface. ADL = activities of daily living; IADL = instrumental ADL.