Table 7.
Associations of demographic and other social factors with anxiety and depression
| Measure | PROMIS anxiety | PROMIS depression | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 68) |
Yes (n = 52) |
OR (95%CI) | P value |
No (n = 77) |
Yes (n = 16) |
OR (95%CI) | P value |
|
| Age groups | ||||||||
| Older (13 – 18 years) | 55.0 | 33.0 | 1.0 (1.0–6.1) | 0.03 | 55.0 | 10.0 | 1.0 (0.4–5.2) | 0.48 |
| Younger (10 – 12 years) | 13.0 | 19.0 | 2.4 (1.0–6.1) | 22.0 | 6.0 | 1.5 (0.4–5.2) | ||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 27.0 | 33.0 | 1.0 (0.2–0.9) | 0.01 | 43.0 | 13.0 | 1.0 (0.04–1.2) | 0.06 |
| Female | 41.0 | 19.0 | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) | 34.0 | 3.0 | 0.3 (0.04–1.2) | ||
| Race | ||||||||
| Black | ||||||||
| No | 64.0 | 46.0 | 1.0 (0.5–10.6) | 0.27 | 73.0 | 12.0 | 1.0 (1.0–36.5) | 0.01 |
| Yes | 4.0 | 6.0 | 2.1 (0.5–10.6) | 4.0 | 4.0 | 6.1 (1.0–36.5) | ||
| White | ||||||||
| No | 44.0 | 37.0 | 1.0 (0.3–1.7) | 0.45 | 51.0 | 12.0 | 1.0 (0.1–2.5) | 0.49 |
| Yes | 24.0 | 15.0 | 0.7 (0.3–1.7) | 26.0 | 4.0 | 0.7 (0.1–2.5) | ||
| Mixed | ||||||||
| No | 31.0 | 24.0 | 1.0 (0.4–2.2) | 0.95 | 33.0 | 10.0 | 1.0 (0.1–1.5) | 0.15 |
| Yes | 37.0 | 28.0 | 1.0 (0.4-2.2) | 44.0 | 6.0 | 0.5 (0.1-1.5) | ||
| Native | ||||||||
| No | 65.0 | 49.0 | 1.0 (0.2–10.3) | 0.74 | 74.0 | 14.0 | 1.0 (0.3–33.2) | 0.17 |
| Yes | 3.0 | 3.0 | 1.3 (0.2–10.3) | 3.0 | 2.0 | 3.5 (0.3–33.2) | ||
| Birth history | ||||||||
| Delivery via cesarean section | ||||||||
| No | 50.0 | 36.0 | 1.0 (0.5–3.0) | 0.60 | 55.0 | 11.0 | 1.0 (0.3–4.1) | 0.83 |
| Yes | 18.0 | 16.0 | 1.2 (0.5–3.0) | 22.0 | 5.0 | 1.1 (0.3–4.1) | ||
| Premature birth | ||||||||
| No | 49.0 | 31.0 | 1.0 (0.4–4.6) | 0.53 | 53.0 | 10.0 | 1.0 (0.3–12.1) | 0.28 |
| Yes | 9.0 | 8.0 | 1.4 (0.4–4.6) | 7.0 | 3.0 | 2.3 (0.3–12.1) | ||
| Sibling status | ||||||||
| Only child | ||||||||
| No | 58.0 | 47.0 | 1.0 (0.2–2.2) | 0.40 | 68.0 | 13.0 | 1.0 (0.3–8.3) | 0.44 |
| Yes | 10.0 | 5.0 | 0.6 (0.2–2.2) | 9.0 | 3.0 | 1.7 (0.3–8.3) | ||
| First-born child | ||||||||
| No | 37.0 | 30.0 | 1.0 (0.4–1.9) | 0.72 | 42.0 | 11.0 | 1.0 (0.1–1.9) | 0.30 |
| Yes | 31.0 | 22.0 | 0.9 (0.4–1.9) | 35.0 | 5.0 | 0.5 (0.1–1.9) | ||
| Parental marital status | ||||||||
| Parents divorced or separated | ||||||||
| No | 30.0 | 25.0 | 1.0 (0.4–1.9) | 0.67 | 35.0 | 7.0 | 1.0 (0.3–3.8) | 0.90 |
| Yes | 38.0 | 27.0 | 0.9 (0.4–1.9) | 42.0 | 9.0 | 1.1 (0.3–3.8) | ||
| Family and past history | ||||||||
| Family history of DGBIs | ||||||||
| No | 39.0 | 30.0 | 1.0 (0.01–3.6) | 0.30 | 44.0 | 10.0 | n/a | |
| Yes | 4.0 | 1.0 | 0.3 (0.01–3.6) | 4.0 | 0.0 | |||
| Previous history of dengue | ||||||||
| No | 64.0 | 51.0 | 1.0 (0.01–3.3) | 0.28 | 74.0 | 15.0 | 1.0 (0.02–22.0) | 0.67 |
| Yes | 4.0 | 1.0 | 0.3 (0.01–3.3) | 3.0 | 1.0 | 1.6 (0.02–22.0) | ||
Data is formatted as value. PROMIS: Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, OR: Odds ratio, CI: Confidence Interval, DGBIs: Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction.