Table 4.
Perceptions and trust of health information from participants and their actions by source. Items on perceptions and trust of health information were on a 5-point Likert scale (from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”).
| Source, name (number) | Accuracy, median (IQR) | Satisfaction, median (IQR) | Helpfulness, median (IQR) | Trustfulness, median (IQR) | Usefulness, median (IQR) | Easy to understand, median (IQR) | Reduced anxiety, median (IQR) | CCIa, n (%) | FIAb, n (%) |
| Search engines (291) | 4 (0) | 4 (0) | 4 (0) | 4 (1) | 4 (0) | 4 (0) | 3 (1) | 144 (49.5) | 184 (63.2) |
| Health-related websites (203) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 4 (0) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 4 (0) | 4 (1) | 63 (31) | 132 (65) |
| Social media (119) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 4 (0) | 3.5 (1) | 43 (36.4) | 59 (50) |
| Health community forums (84) | 4 (0) | 4 (0) | 4 (1) | 4 (0) | 4 (0) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 19 (22.6) | 49 (58.3) |
| LLMc-based chatbots (63) | 4 (0) | 4 (1) | 4 (0) | 4 (1) | 4 (0) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 12 (19.4) | 30 (48.4) |
| Health applications (54) | 4 (0) | 4 (1) | 4 (0) | 4 (0.25) | 4 (0) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 6 (11.3) | 31 (58.5) |
| Conversational assistants (24) | 4 (1) | 4 (1) | 4 (0) | 4 (1) | 4 (0) | 4 (0.25) | 4 (1) | 3 (12.5) | 10 (41.7) |
aCCI: cross-checked information.
bFIA: followed information or advice.
cLLM: large language model.