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. 2025 Apr 16;13(11):2936–2950. doi: 10.1039/d4bm01529k

Table 3. Printing parameters for the different ink compositions.

Sample Pressure (MPa) Printing speed (mm s−1) Needle (internal diameter = ID)
CMCNB–CMCSH 0.13 10 Stainless steel needle
3% (w/v) ID = 0.4 mm
CMCNB–CMCSH
1.5% (w/v)
CMCNB–ALGSH 0.39 10 Stainless steel needle
3% (w/v) ID = 0.4 mm
CMCNB–ALGSH 0.07 15 Stainless steel needle
1.5% (w/v) ID = 0.4 mm
CMCNB–GELSH 0.63 15 Plastic conic needle
3% (w/v) ID = 0.6 mm
CMCNB–GELSH 0.55 10 Plastic conic needle
1.5% (w/v) ID = 0.4 mm