TABLE 4.
Serum cytokines in patients with viridans streptococcus-induced endocarditis
| Case no.a | Bacterium | GTFs | IL-6 (pg/ml) | TNF-α (pg/ml) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | S. mutans | + | 6.5 | —b |
| 2 | S. mutans | + | 103.1 | — |
| 3 | S. sanguis | + | 3.9 | 69.6 |
| 4 | S. oralis | + | 12.6 | — |
| 5 | S. oralis | + | — | — |
| 6 | S. mitis | — | 4.3 | — |
| 7 | S. mitis | — | — | — |
| 8 | S. constellatus | — | — | — |
| 9 | S. constellatus | — | — | — |
| 10 | S. intermedius | — | — | — |
| 11 | S. intermedius | — | — | — |
| 12 | S. anginosus | — | 23.9 | — |
| 13 | S. anginosus | — | 137.5 | — |
a
Blood samples of patients suffering from infective endocarditis at the acute stage were routinely collected from the Department of Infectious Diseases of National Taiwan University Hospital for the identification of bacterial origins.
b
—, not detected. The minimum detectable cytokine concentrations were estimated to be 1.6 and 7.8 pg/ml for IL-6 and TNF-α, respectively.