Table 1.
Sample demographic characteristics by report of any exposure to firearm violence, threats or risky behavior.
| Characteristic | All participants n (%) | No firearm violence exposure n (%) | Any firearm violence exposure n (%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants | N = 5,311 | 1,410 (30.5) | 3,901 (69.5) | – |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age | ||||
| 10–17 | 1,189 (30.2) | 551 (52.0) | 638 (48.0) | <0.001 |
| 18–24 | 853 (28.2) | 168 (19.7) | 685 (80.3) | |
| 25–34 | 3,269 (41.6) | 691 (22.1) | 2,578 (77.9) | |
| Mean age | ||||
| Sex assigned at birtha | ||||
| Female | 3,282 (49.6) | 791 (28.1) | 2,491 (71.9) | <0.001 |
| Male | 1908 (47.9) | 559 (31.9) | 1,349 (68.1) | |
| Intersex | 17 (0.3) | 3 (12.5) | 14 (87.5) | |
| Prefer not to answer | 104 (2.3) | 57 (55.1) | 47 (44.9) | |
| Gender identitya | ||||
| Cisgender female | 3,174 (47.4) | 784 (29.3) | 2,390 (70.7) | <0.001 |
| Cisgender male | 1870 (47.1) | 559 (32.5) | 1,311 (67.5) | |
| Gender minority | 166 (3.6) | 29 (14.9) | 137 (85.1) | |
| Missing | 101 (1.9) | 38 (38.3) | 63 (61.7) | |
| Sexual identity | ||||
| Heterosexual | 4,264 (81.7) | 1,253 (33.4) | 3,011 (66.6) | <0.001 |
| Sexual minority | 1,047 (18.3) | 157 (17.3) | 890 (82.7) | |
| Racea | ||||
| White | 2,803 (62.9) | 812 (33.0) | 1991 (67.0) | <0.001 |
| Black or African American | 946 (14.2) | 176 (21.2) | 770 (78.8) | |
| Asian | 535 (7.1) | 178 (34.5) | 357 (65.5) | |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 63 (0.8) | 9 (15.3) | 54 (84.7) | |
| Native Hawaiian | 20 (0.4) | 7 (34.0) | 13 (66.0) | |
| Other race | 281 (4.1) | 66 (25.7) | 215 (74.3) | |
| Two or more races | 523 (7.5) | 105 (23.4) | 418 (76.6) | |
| Prefer not to answer | 140 (3.0) | 57 (39.2) | 83 (60.8) | |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 4,149 (77.6) | 1,077 (29.6) | 3,072 (70.4) | 0.16 |
| Hispanic of Latino | 1,104 (22.4) | 305 (32.7) | 799 (67.3) | |
| Structural and Social | ||||
| Annual household incomea | ||||
| Less than $30,000 | 1,273 (22.8) | 305 (28.8) | 968 (71.2) | <0.001 |
| $30,000 to under $60,000 | 1,373 (24.2) | 331 (25.5) | 1,042 (74.5) | |
| $60,000 to under $100,000 | 1,260 (24.2) | 338 (31.3) | 922 (68.7) | |
| $100,000 or more | 1,365 (28.0) | 416 (34.6) | 949 (65.4) | |
| Missing | 40 (0.9) | 20 (55.3) | 20 (44.7) | |
| Type of community | ||||
| Urban | 2,260 (36.9) | 537 (26.9) | 1723 (73.1) | 0.005 |
| Suburban | 2,311 (48.8) | 666 (33.1) | 1,645 (66.9) | |
| Rural | 740 (14.3) | 207 (30.7) | 533 (69.3) | |
| High neighborhood disorder | ||||
| No | 3,781 (73.0) | 1,058 (32.5) | 2,723 (67.5) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 1,530 (27.0) | 352 (24.8) | 1,178 (75.2) | |
| Poor home conditions | ||||
| No | 4,107 (78.1) | 1,223 (34.4) | 2,884 (65.6) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 1,204 (21.9) | 187 (16.3) | 1,017 (83.7) | |
| Not having enough money to pay bills | ||||
| No | 4,386 (82.5) | 1,161 (30.1) | 3,225 (69.9) | 0.36 |
| Yes | 925 (17.5) | 249 (32.3) | 676 (67.7) | |
| Skip meals or eat less because did not have enough money for food | ||||
| No | 4,163 (79.3) | 1,140 (31.6) | 3,023 (68.4) | 0.01 |
| Yes | 1,148 (20.7) | 270 (26.1) | 878 (73.9) | |
| Last saw dentist more than 2 years ago (or never) | ||||
| No | 4,209 (79.3) | 1,208 (33.3) | 3,001 (66.7) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 1,102 (20.7) | 202 (19.3) | 900 (80.7) | |
| Non-victimization adversity: M (SE) | 2.12 (0.04) | 1.02 (0.05) | 2.61 (0.05) | <0.001 |
Weighted percentages, unweighted N. Row percentages.
a
Also significantly different with missing values dropped.