Figure 3.

Morphology, rheology, and catalytic activity characterization of Lys‐AFs‐Ceria nanozyme‐reinforced hydrogel. a) The schematic illustration of Lys‐AFs‐Ceria nanozyme‐reinforced hydrogel preparation. This panel was created with www.biorender.com. b) Vial inversion tests of and SEM images of LFT (Lys‐AFs‐Tannic acid hydrogel), LFT‐C (Lys‐AFs‐Tannic acid hydrogel with CeO₂ NPs), and LFCT hydrogels (Lys‐AFs‐Ceria‐Tannic acid hydrogel) via tannic acid‐induced gelation. The SEM images are taken from hydrogel with 2 mM tannic acid. c) Angular frequency‐dependent and d) strain‐dependent rheological measurements of different kinds of hydrogel. e) SOD activity assays (n = 3) of different samples including PBS, LFT, LFCT, and LFT‐C. f) Residual H₂O₂ concentration (CAT activity) assays (n = 4) of different samples (PBS, LFT, LFCT, and LFT‐C). Catalase serves as the positive control in CAT activity assays. g) The pH change (n = 3) and h) dissolved oxygen assays (n = 3) of glucose solution after catalysis of different GOX‐loaded hydrogels. i) Schematic representation of synergetic cascade catalysis process including glucose consumption mediated by GOX, and SOD/CAT catalytic reactions derived from Lys‐AFs‐Ceria nanozymes (left) and schematic diagram of synergistic cascade catalytic mechanism of LFCTG hydrogel in remodeling the adverse microenvironment of diabetic wounds (right). This panel was created with www.biorender.com. Statistical significance was defined as *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001.