Skip to main content
. 2024 Oct 5;14(2):193–210. doi: 10.1159/000541647

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of enrolled patients

Variables Total (n = 16,416) ALBI grade 1 (n = 7,409) ALBI grade 2 (n = 7,445) ALBI grade 3 (n = 1,562) p value
Age, years 61.3±11.4 60.4±11.1 62.4±11.5 59.9±11.5 <0.001
Male sex 13,007 (79.2) 5,952 (80.3) 5,800 (77.9) 1,255 (80.3) <0.001
BMI (kg/m2) 24.0±3.4 24.1±3.2 23.8±3.5 24.0±3.7 <0.001
 <18.5 650 (4.0) 299 (4.0) 303 (4.1) 48 (3.1)
 18.5–24.9 9,948 (60.6) 4,303 (58.1) 4,642 (62.4) 1,003 (64.2)
 ≥25 5,818 (35.4) 2,807 (37.9) 2,500 (33.6) 511 (32.7)
Etiology <0.001
 HBVa 9,767 (59.5) 4,775 (64.4) 4,091 (54.9) 901 (57.7)
 HCV 1,667 (10.2) 574 (7.7) 936 (12.6) 157 (10.1)
 Alcohol 2,374 (14.5) 898 (12.1) 1,172 (15.7) 304 (19.5)
 Others 2,608 (15.9) 1,162 (15.7) 1,246 (16.7) 200 (12.8)
ALBI grade
 Grade 1 7,409 (45.1)
 Grade 2 7,445 (45.4)
 Grade 3 1,562 (9.5)
Child-Pugh class <0.001
 A 12,015 (73.2) 7,183 (96.9) 4,829 (64.9) 3 (0.2)
 B 3,674 (22.4) 226 (3.1) 2,509 (33.7) 939 (60.1)
 C 727 (4.4) 0 (0) 107 (1.4) 620 (39.7)
GNRI 100.7±12.0 109.3±7.6 96.1±8.7 82.4±9.6 <0.001
AST, IU/L 45 (30, 81) 34 (26, 50) 58 (38, 107) 98 (58, 189) <0.001
ALT, IU/L 35 (22, 56) 31 (21, 47) 37 (23, 62) 47 (28, 88) <0.001
TB, mg/dL 0.9 (0.6, 1.4) 0.7 (0.5, 0.9) 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) 3.0 (1.8, 6.5) <0.001
Albumin, g/dL 3.9 (3.3, 4.3) 4.3 (4.1, 4.5) 3.5 (3.2, 3.8) 2.6 (2.3, 2.8) <0.001
PT, INR 1.1 (1.0, 1.2) 1.1 (1.0, 1.1) 1.1 (1.1, 1.3) 1.4 (1.2, 1.6) <0.001
Platelet count, ×109/L 146 (100, 201) 162 (124, 209) 131 (87, 194) 112 (74, 182) <0.001
Tumor size, cm 3.1 (2.0, 6.0) 3.0 (1.9, 5.0) 3.5 (2.0, 7.0) 3.7 (2.0, 7.5) <0.001
Tumor number (single) 10,202 (62.3) 5,307 (71.8) 4,198 (56.5) 697 (45.0) <0.001
BCLC stage <0.001
 0/A 5,132 (31.3) 3,174 (42.8) 1,869 (25.1) 89 (5.7)
 B 2,608 (15.9) 1,323 (17.9) 1,159 (15.6) 126 (8.1)
 C 5,289 (32.2) 1,746 (23.6) 3,078 (41.3) 465 (29.8)
 D 968 (5.9) 29 (0.4) 267 (3.6) 672 (43.0)
 Unknown 2,419 (14.7) 1,137 (15.3) 1,072 (14.4) 210 (13.4)
AFP, ng/mL 27.7 (5.5, 517.5) 15.8 (4.3, 254.1) 41.5 (7.4, 943.6) 74.1 (7.0, 2,000.0) <0.001
PIVKA-II, mAU/mL 114.0 (28.0, 1,874.0) 69.0 (25.1, 670.7) 192.0 (29.0, 2,473.5) 486.0 (64.0, 6,698.6) <0.001

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or number (%).

BMI, body mass index; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TB, total bilirubin; PT, prothrombin time; INR, international normalized ratio; GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index; ALBI, albumin-bilirubin; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; PIVKA-II, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II.

aPatients coinfected with HBV and HCV (n = 195) were also included.