Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of enrolled patients
| Variables | Total (n = 16,416) | ALBI grade 1 (n = 7,409) | ALBI grade 2 (n = 7,445) | ALBI grade 3 (n = 1,562) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 61.3±11.4 | 60.4±11.1 | 62.4±11.5 | 59.9±11.5 | <0.001 |
| Male sex | 13,007 (79.2) | 5,952 (80.3) | 5,800 (77.9) | 1,255 (80.3) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.0±3.4 | 24.1±3.2 | 23.8±3.5 | 24.0±3.7 | <0.001 |
| <18.5 | 650 (4.0) | 299 (4.0) | 303 (4.1) | 48 (3.1) | |
| 18.5–24.9 | 9,948 (60.6) | 4,303 (58.1) | 4,642 (62.4) | 1,003 (64.2) | |
| ≥25 | 5,818 (35.4) | 2,807 (37.9) | 2,500 (33.6) | 511 (32.7) | |
| Etiology | <0.001 | ||||
| HBVa | 9,767 (59.5) | 4,775 (64.4) | 4,091 (54.9) | 901 (57.7) | |
| HCV | 1,667 (10.2) | 574 (7.7) | 936 (12.6) | 157 (10.1) | |
| Alcohol | 2,374 (14.5) | 898 (12.1) | 1,172 (15.7) | 304 (19.5) | |
| Others | 2,608 (15.9) | 1,162 (15.7) | 1,246 (16.7) | 200 (12.8) | |
| ALBI grade | |||||
| Grade 1 | 7,409 (45.1) | ||||
| Grade 2 | 7,445 (45.4) | ||||
| Grade 3 | 1,562 (9.5) | ||||
| Child-Pugh class | <0.001 | ||||
| A | 12,015 (73.2) | 7,183 (96.9) | 4,829 (64.9) | 3 (0.2) | |
| B | 3,674 (22.4) | 226 (3.1) | 2,509 (33.7) | 939 (60.1) | |
| C | 727 (4.4) | 0 (0) | 107 (1.4) | 620 (39.7) | |
| GNRI | 100.7±12.0 | 109.3±7.6 | 96.1±8.7 | 82.4±9.6 | <0.001 |
| AST, IU/L | 45 (30, 81) | 34 (26, 50) | 58 (38, 107) | 98 (58, 189) | <0.001 |
| ALT, IU/L | 35 (22, 56) | 31 (21, 47) | 37 (23, 62) | 47 (28, 88) | <0.001 |
| TB, mg/dL | 0.9 (0.6, 1.4) | 0.7 (0.5, 0.9) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) | 3.0 (1.8, 6.5) | <0.001 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.9 (3.3, 4.3) | 4.3 (4.1, 4.5) | 3.5 (3.2, 3.8) | 2.6 (2.3, 2.8) | <0.001 |
| PT, INR | 1.1 (1.0, 1.2) | 1.1 (1.0, 1.1) | 1.1 (1.1, 1.3) | 1.4 (1.2, 1.6) | <0.001 |
| Platelet count, ×109/L | 146 (100, 201) | 162 (124, 209) | 131 (87, 194) | 112 (74, 182) | <0.001 |
| Tumor size, cm | 3.1 (2.0, 6.0) | 3.0 (1.9, 5.0) | 3.5 (2.0, 7.0) | 3.7 (2.0, 7.5) | <0.001 |
| Tumor number (single) | 10,202 (62.3) | 5,307 (71.8) | 4,198 (56.5) | 697 (45.0) | <0.001 |
| BCLC stage | <0.001 | ||||
| 0/A | 5,132 (31.3) | 3,174 (42.8) | 1,869 (25.1) | 89 (5.7) | |
| B | 2,608 (15.9) | 1,323 (17.9) | 1,159 (15.6) | 126 (8.1) | |
| C | 5,289 (32.2) | 1,746 (23.6) | 3,078 (41.3) | 465 (29.8) | |
| D | 968 (5.9) | 29 (0.4) | 267 (3.6) | 672 (43.0) | |
| Unknown | 2,419 (14.7) | 1,137 (15.3) | 1,072 (14.4) | 210 (13.4) | |
| AFP, ng/mL | 27.7 (5.5, 517.5) | 15.8 (4.3, 254.1) | 41.5 (7.4, 943.6) | 74.1 (7.0, 2,000.0) | <0.001 |
| PIVKA-II, mAU/mL | 114.0 (28.0, 1,874.0) | 69.0 (25.1, 670.7) | 192.0 (29.0, 2,473.5) | 486.0 (64.0, 6,698.6) | <0.001 |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or number (%).
BMI, body mass index; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TB, total bilirubin; PT, prothrombin time; INR, international normalized ratio; GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index; ALBI, albumin-bilirubin; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; PIVKA-II, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II.
aPatients coinfected with HBV and HCV (n = 195) were also included.