Table 2.

Varimax factor loadings of the items of the Emergency Medical Services Safe Care Scale (EMSSCS)

Factors’ names	Item	Factor loading
Factor 1: Incident scene management	1. I meticulously observe and assess the incident scene as the initial step.	0.92
	2. Prior to entering the incident scene, I evaluate any potential hazards, including fire, explosions, electrical risks, and other dangers.	0.91
	3. I pay particular attention to patient safety principles at the incident scene.	0.89
	4. I encourage bystanders to maintain distance from the incident scene.	0.88
	5. I invite the companions of the injured to remain calm.	0.87
	6. I evaluate my own performance and that of my colleagues at the scene.	0.85
	7. I execute my duties at the incident scene to the best of my ability.	0.81
	8. I supervise the performance of other members of the care team at the incident scene.	0.79
	9. I manage stress, fear, and apprehension at the incident scene.	0.74
	10. I transfer the patient to the medical center while maintaining safety principles and a calm demeanor.	0.70
	11. I encourage the patient and their companions to maintain composure and tranquility.	0.69
Factor 2: Efficient clinical skills	12. I conduct patient and casualty triage with precision and acumen in the shortest possible time.	0.91
	13. I thoroughly examine and assess patients’ conditions.	0.89
	14. I perform patient mobilization and immobilization with careful adherence to safety principles.	0.88
	15. I strive to avoid causing harm to the patient when performing invasive procedures.	0.86
	16. I utilize the latest guidelines and evidence-based nursing practices in patient care.	0.85
	17. I am proficient in the scientific and proper use of medical equipment.	0.85
	18. I am skilled in performing emergency interventions in high-risk situations.	0.81
	19. I employ critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills in the provision of care.	0.79
	20. I endeavor to develop and enhance my clinical skills.	0.74
	21. I utilize the clinical experiences of my colleagues to strengthen my own clinical skills.	0.70
	22. I conduct patient triage without discrimination and in adherence to principles of equity.	0.67
Factor 3: Effective interaction	23. I pay attention to patient privacy and confidentiality in the provision of care.	0.90
	24. I interact with patients and their companions with patience.	0.86
	25. I have the ability to manage and lead a team.	0.84
	26. I treat my colleagues with respect.	0.79
	27. I am committed to the principles of teamwork and interdisciplinary collaboration.	0.73
	28. I maintain patience in my interactions with colleagues.	0.71
	29. I preserve the dignity and respect of the patient and their companions.	0.70
	30. I accept responsibility for my behavior and performance and will be accountable.	0.69