Table 1.

Comparison of 9409 women who were counseled about HIV testing with their partners (couples) or counseled as individuals at two antenatal clinics in Lusaka, Zambia between 27 April 2001 and 28 February 2003.

Characteristic	Woman and partner counseled (couples) N (%)a	Woman counseled as individual N (%)	P-value
Among all women counseled	868	8541
Accepted HIV testing	833 (96.0)	6784 (79.4)	< 0.0001
Age in years	23 (20–27)	22 (20–27)	0.12
Attended some secondary schoolb	302 (34.8)	2967 (34.7)	0.97
Number of previous pregnancies	1 (0–2)	1 (0–2)	0.16
RPR-positivec	180 (22)	498 (7.5)	< 0.0001
HIV-positive (if accepted testing)	313 (37.6)	1856 (27.4)	< 0.0001
Received HIV test result (if accepted testing)	828 (99.4)	6695 (98.7)	0.08
Co-infected with HIV and syphilisd	83 (10.2)	241 (3.7)	< 0.0001
Among HIV-positive women who received results	311	1830
Accepted maternal nevirapine tablet to take home	210 (67.5)	1170 (63.9)	0.22
Enrolled in the infant feeding trial	211 (67.9)	559 (30.5)	< 0.0001
Among all men counseled	868
Accepted HIV testing	798 (91.9)
HIV-positive (if accepted testing)	281 (35.2)
RPR-positivee	97/775 (12.5)
HIV results among couples where both individuals agreed to test	794
Female +/Male +	221 (27.8)
Female +/Male −	83 (10.4)
Female −/Male +	60 (7.6)
Female −/Male −	430 (54.2)

^aFor categorical variables, the numerator(N) and the percentages (%) are displayed; for continuous variables the medians and interquartile ranges are displayed.

^bEducation data were missing for one woman in the couples group and nine women in the individual group.

^cSyphilis screening test [rapid plasma reagent (RPR)] results were missing for 50 in the couple and 1931 in the individual groups.

^dHIV and syphilis results were available on 7325 women, 816 women in couples, 6509 individual women.

^e97% (n = 775) of men in couples were tested for syphilis.