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. 2025 Apr 22;13:RP99160. doi: 10.7554/eLife.99160

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© 2024, Machii et al

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Figure 2. — (A) Volcano plot of proteomics comparison between the tips of hypertrophied and normal lips. Statistical significance was examined using Welch’s t-test. Yellow plots highlight highly accumulated proteins in hypertrophied lips, and blue plots highlight highly accumulated proteins in normal lips with the criteria of p-value <0.05 and log2 fold change >1. The top 20 proteins highly accumulated in normal (B) and hypertrophied lips (C) are shown along with log2 fold change relative to normal lips. (D) The relative amount of each proteoglycan-related protein. MS2 intensity indicates the intensity of peptides obtained from LC–MS/MS and DIA/SWATH analysis using DIA-NN software by comparing three parts of the lip: the base of hypertrophied lips (HLip), the tip of HLip, and normal lips (NLip). Welch’s t-test was used to examine statistical significance (*p-value <0.05). Digestion of chondroitin sulfate by treatment with (upper panels) and without (lower panels) chondroitinase in hypertrophied lips of cichlids from Lake Victoria (E), Lake Malawi (F), and Lake Tanganyika (G). Each section is shown with the dorsal side up and the anterior side to the right. Scale bars are 1 mm.

Figure 2—figure supplement 1. — (A) Volcano plot of proteomics comparison between the tips of hypertrophied and normal lips. Statistical significance was examined using Welch’s t-test. Yellow plots highlight highly accumulated proteins in hypertrophied lips, and blue plots highlight highly accumulated proteins in normal lips with the criteria of p-value <0.05 and log2 fold change >1. The top 20 proteins highly accumulated in normal (B) and hypertrophied lips (C) are shown along with log2 fold change relative to normal lips. (D) The relative amount of each proteoglycan-related protein. MS2 intensity indicates the intensity of peptides obtained from LC–MS/MS and DIA/SWATH analysis using DIA-NN software by comparing three parts of the lip: the base of hypertrophied lips (HLip), the tip of HLip, and normal lips (NLip). Welch’s t-test was used to examine statistical significance (*p-value <0.05). Digestion of chondroitin sulfate by treatment with (upper panels) and without (lower panels) chondroitinase in hypertrophied lips of cichlids from Lake Victoria (E), Lake Malawi (F), and Lake Tanganyika (G). Each section is shown with the dorsal side up and the anterior side to the right. Scale bars are 1 mm.