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. 2025 Apr 9;16:1557583. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1557583

Figure 9.

Figure 9

Systemic clodronate liposome delivery reduces 2-week CIA+LPS co-exposure-induced airway and lung tissue cellular influx. (A) Mice were treated with vehicle (Veh) control or clodronate (Clod) liposome twice (baseline and week 1), saline or CIA injection (inj) once at baseline, and then received intranasal inhalation with LPS (100 ng) or saline daily for 2 weeks (weekends excluded). (B) Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) total cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes and (C), lung tissue cellular infiltrates. Total lung cells enumerated with number of lung cells determined by multiplying lung cell % gated population by flow cytometry by total lung cells enumerate from lung sample. AM, alveolar macrophages; IM, interstitial macrophages. All data expressed as mean with SD bars of n=8 mice/group. Symbols represent statistical significance versus vehicle liposome+saline exposures (#) or between CIA+LPS mice treated with vehicle versus clodronate liposomes (*). ####,****<0.0001; ###,***0.0001 to 0.001; ##,**0.001 to 0.1, #,*0.01 to 0.05.