Table 3.

Climate change policies, limitations, and the expected role of AI

S/N	Existing climate change policies	Limitations	The role of AI is to improve the implementation
1	Clean and affordable energy	Biofuel production to lower the dependency on fossil fuels that damage the climate is not always economical	Using AI to predict the biofuel yield from the feedstock before production will make the process more economical and acceptable
2	Sustainable waste management	Waste management is still a major challenge in several countries because of poor planning and implementation	Waste generation prediction using AI models could assist the policymakers in formulating policy that will be sufficient to manage future waste generation instead of waiting until it becomes an environmental disaster
3	Decarbonization	Like solar energy, green energy is still inefficient in reducing carbon emissions	Adopting GIS to select solar farm locations instead of assumptions will improve the technology
4	Climate action	Most disaster preparations are based on assumptions, which cannot always arrest the situation	Natural disaster prediction with AI models will assist in adequate preparation, reducing the losses and providing required remediation planning
5	Climate-smart agriculture	This policy still suffers from several challenges due to inaccurate predictions using previous knowledge	Applying appropriate AI models with weather data to predict climate behavior at different times of the year will support smart agriculture and achieve its potential
6	Carbon dioxide capturing and storage	The system has not achieved the set target due to inadequate planning	Forecasting the amount of CO2 expected from time to time using AI will allow adequate planning with little or no CO2 escaping into the environment