Table 1. Comparison for the type of flow diverter device used before propensity score matching.
| Variables | Type of flow diverter device | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PED | TED | Overall | ||
| 735 (71.7%) | 290 (28.3%) | 1025 | ||
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 54.00 (46.00, 61.00) | 56.00 (47.00, 64.00) | 55.00 (46.00, 62.00) | 0.077 |
| Gender, female | 487 (66.3) | 216 (74.5) | 703 (68.6) | 0.013* |
| Hypertension | 282 (38.4) | 121 (41.7) | 403 (39.3) | 0.358 |
| Diabetes | 77 (10.5) | 39 (13.4) | 116 (11.3) | 0.214 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 244 (33.2) | 93 (32.1) | 337 (32.9) | 0.785 |
| Coronary disease | 45 (6.1) | 12 (4.1) | 57 (5.6) | 0.272 |
| Ischemic stroke history | 91 (12.4) | 54 (18.6) | 145 (14.1) | 0.013* |
| Smoking status | 100 (13.6) | 23 (7.9) | 123 (12.0) | 0.016* |
| Alcohol abuse | 82 (11.2) | 16 (5.5) | 98 (9.6) | 0.008* |
| Preoperative mRS score >2 | 13 (1.8) | 6 (2.1) | 19 (1.9) | 0.949 |
| Morphological feature | ||||
| Location | <0.001* | |||
| Internal carotid artery | 584 (79.5) | 256 (88.3) | 840 (82.0) | |
| Distal circulation | 32 (4.4) | 25 (8.6) | 57 (5.6) | |
| Vertebrobasilar artery | 119 (16.2) | 9 (3.1) | 128 (12.5) | |
| Aneurysm morphology | <0.001* | |||
| Saccular | 606 (82.4) | 273 (94.1) | 879 (85.8) | |
| Non-saccular | 129 (17.6) | 17 (5.9) | 146 (14.2) | |
| Aneurysm size (mm) | 7.59 (4.27, 14.20) | 4.40 (3.10, 7.33) | 6.29 (3.80, 12.40) | <0.001* |
| Neck width (mm) | 5.45 (3.60, 8.02) | 4.18 (2.95, 5.54) | 4.92 (3.32, 7.42) | <0.001* |
| Parent vessel diameter (mm)† | 3.71 (3.26, 4.20) | 4.00 (3.41, 4.40) | 3.78 (3.30, 4.25) | <0.001* |
| Lumen disparities (mm)‡ | 0.60 (0.30, 0.93) | 0.98 (0.48, 1.36) | 0.67 (0.34, 1.03) | < 0.001* |
| Procedural details | ||||
| Adjunctive coiling | 242 (32.9) | 41 (14.1) | 283 (27.6) | <0.001* |
| Overlapping stent technique | 47 (6.4) | 6 (2.1) | 53 (5.2) | 0.008* |
| Immediate occlusion state | 88 (12.0) | 19 (6.6) | 107 (10.4) | 0.015* |
| Device-related challenges | 29 (3.9) | 14 (4.8) | 43 (4.2) | 0.604 |
| Stent re-apposition | 17 (2.3) | 4 (1.37) | 21 (2.1) | 0.465 |
| Poor wall apposition | 5 (0.7) | 5 (1.72) | 10 (1.0) | 0.157 |
| Stent shortening | 5 (0.7) | 3 (1.0) | 8 (0.8) | 0.694 |
| Stent migration | 1 (0.1) | 2 (0.7) | 3 (0.3) | 0.195 |
| Intraoperative perforation | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 1 (0.1) | >0.999 |
| Perioperative complications | 25 (3.4) | 8 (2.8) | 33 (3.2) | 0.742 |
| Intraoperative rupture | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.2) | 0.486 |
| In-stent thrombosis | 6 (0.8) | 2 (0.7) | 8 (0.8) | >0.999 |
| Postoperative SAH | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 1 (0.1) | >0.999 |
| Postoperative ICH | 5 (0.7) | 1 (0.3) | 6 (0.6) | >0.999 |
| Transient ischemic attack | 7 (1.0) | 0 | 7 (0.7) | 0.201 |
| Mild ischemia | 3 (0.4) | 4 (1.4) | 7 (0.7) | 0.104 |
| Severe ischemia | 2 (0.3) | 0 | 2 (0.2) | >0.999 |
| Angiographic outcomes | ||||
| Follow-up duration (months) | 7.00 (6.00, 11.00) | 9.00 (6.00, 15.00) | 7.00 (6.00, 12.00) | <0.001* |
| Occlusion status | ||||
| Complete occlusion | 592 (80.5) | 219 (75.5) | 811 (79.1) | 0.089 |
| Near-complete occlusion | 44 (6.0) | 32 (11.0) | 76 (7.4) | 0.008 |
| Incomplete occlusion | 99 (13.5) | 39 (13.4) | 138 (13.5) | >0.999 |
| Aneurysm occlusion (complete/near-complete) | 636 (86.5) | 251 (86.6) | 887 (86.5) | >0.999 |
| ISS | 126 (17.1) | 48 (16.6) | 174 (17.0) | 0.893 |
| Symptomatic ISS | 14 (1.9) | 5 (1.7) | 19 (1.9) | >0.999 |
| Clinical outcomes | ||||
| Follow-up duration (months) | 18.00 (16.00, 19.00) | 18.00 (17.00, 19.00) | 18.00 (16.00, 19.00) | 0.576 |
| Favorable (mRS score 0–2) | 727 (98.9) | 285 (98.3) | 1012 (98.7) | 0.610 |
| Morbidity (mRS score 3–5) | 8 (1.1) | 5 (1.7) | 13 (1.3) | 0.610 |
| Mortality (mRS score 6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Surgery-related morbidity | 3 (0.4) | 2 (0.7) | 5 (0.5) | 0.625 |
Values are shown as median (IQR) or frequency (%) unless indicated otherwise.
*
Values are shown as median () or frequency (%) unless indicated otherwise; *”, Sstatistical significance.
†
The mean diameter of the vessel at the proximal and distal ends of the aneurysms.
‡
The absolute value of the difference between the proximal and distal parent diameter.
ICH, intraparenchymal hemorrhage; ISS, in-stent stenosis; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; PED, Pipeline embolization device; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; TED, Tubridge embolization device.