TABLE 3.

Model parameters: TCA cycle

Symbol	Value	Units	Description	Eq.	Ref.*
	3.2	s−1	Catalytic constant of CS	13	a
	0.4	mM	Concentration of CS	13	b
	1.26 10−2	mM	Michaelis constant for AcCoA	13	a
	6.4 10−4	mM	Michaelis constant for OAA	13	a
CKint	1.0	mM	Sum of TCA cycle intermediates' concentration	14	c
	12.5	s−1	Forward rate constant of ACO	15	a
	2.22		Equilibrium constant of ACO	15	a
	1.94–16.3	s−1	Rate constant of IDH	16	a
	0.109	mM	Concentration of IDH	16	b
	0.19	mM	Inhibition constant by NADH	16	a
	6.2 10−2	mM	Activation constant by ADP	16	a
[H+]	2.5 10−5	mM	Matrix proton concentration	16	k
kh,1	8.1 10−5	mM	Ionization constant of IDH	16	a
kh,2	5.98 10−5	mM	Ionization constant of IDH	16	a
	1.52	mM	Michaelis constant for isocitrate	16	a
	0.923	mM	Michaelis constant for NAD+	16	a
	0.00141	mM	Activation constant for Ca2+	16	a
	0.15–5.0	s−1	Rate constant of KGDH	17	a
	0.5	mM	Concentration of KGDH	17	f
	1.94	mM	Michaelis constant for αKG	17	a
	38.7	mM	Michaelis constant for NAD	17	a
	0.0308	mM	Activation constant for Mg2+	17	a
	1.27 10−3	mM	Activation constant for Ca2+	17	a
nαKG	1.2		Hill coefficient of KGDH for αKG	17	f
Mg2+	0.4	mM	Mg2+ concentration in mitochondria	17	d
	0.127	mM−1 s−1	Forward rate constant of SL	18	f
	3.115		Equilibrium constant of the SL reaction	18	a
[CoA]	0.02	mM	Coenzyme A concentration	18	b
	1.0	s−1	Rate constant of SDH	19	f
	0.5	mM	SDH enzyme concentration	19	f
	3.0 10−2	mM	Michaelis constant for succinate	19	e
	1.3	mM	Inhibition constant by fumarate	19	e
	0.15	mM	Inhibition constant by oxalacetate	19	e
	0.83	s−1	Forward rate constant for FH	20	a
	1.0		Equilibrium constant of FH	20	a
kh1	1.1310−5	mM	Ionization constant of MDH	22	j
kh2	26.7	mM	Ionization constant of MDH	22	a
kh3	6.68 10−9	mM	Ionization constant of MDH	23	j
kh4	5.62 10−6	mM	Ionization constant of MDH	23	j
koffset	3.99 10−2		pH-independent term in the pH activation factor of MDH	22	a
	2.775 101	s−1	Rate constant of MDH	21	f
	0.154	mM	Total MDH enzyme concentration	21	b
	1.493	mM	Michaelis constant for malate	21	a
	3.1 10−3	mM	Inhibition constant for oxalacetate	21	a
	0.2244	mM	Michaelis constant for NAD+	21	a
	0.644	s−1	Forward rate constant of AAT	24	a
	6.6		Equilibrium constant of AAT	24	a
KC_ASP	0.01	s−1	First order rate constant of aspartate consumption	25	f
Model parameters: oxidative phosphorylation
ra	6.394 10−10	s−1	Sum of products of rate constants	26,27	g,h
rb	1.762 10−13	s−1	Sum of products of rate constants	27	g,h
rc1	2.656 10−19	s−1	Sum of products of rate constants	26	g,h
rc2	8.632 10−27	s−1	Sum of products of rate constants	26	g,h
r1	2.077 10−18		Sum of products of rate constants	26,27	g,h
r2	1.728 10−9		Sum of products of rate constants	26,27	g,h
r3	1.059 10−26		Sum of products of rate constants	26,27	g,h
ρres	0.0006–0.05	mM	Concentration of electron carriers (respiratory complexes I-III-IV)	26,27	g,h
Kres	1.35 1018		Equilibrium constant of respiration	28	g,h
ρres(F)	0.0045	mM	Concentration of electron carriers (respiratory complexes II-III-IV)
ΔΨB	0.05	V	Phase boundary potential	26,27,31	g,h
g	0.85		Correction factor for voltage	26,27	g,h
Kres(F)	5.765 1013		Equilibrium constant of FADH2 oxidation	29
[FADH2]	1.24	mM	Concentration of FADH2 (reduced)	29
[FAD]	0.01	mM	Concentration of FAD (oxidized)	29
pa	1.656 10−5	s−1	Sum of products of rate constants	31,32	g,h
pb	3.373 10−7	s−1	Sum of products of rate constants	32	g,h
pc1	9.651 10−14	s−1	Sum of products of rate constants	31	g,h
pc2	4.585 10−14	s−1	Sum of products of rate constants	31	g,h
p1	1.346 10−8		Sum of products of rate constants	31,32	g,h
p2	7.739 10−7		Sum of products of rate constants	31,32	g,h
p3	6.65 10−15		Sum of products of rate constants	31,32	g,h
ρF1	0.06–1.8	mM	Concentration of F1F0-ATPase	31,32	g,h
KF1	1.71 106		Equilibrium constant of ATP hydrolysis	33	g,h
R	8.315	V C mol−1 °K−1	Gas constant
T	310.16	°K	Mammalian body temperature
F	96480	C mol−1	Faraday constant
Pi	20.0	mM	Inorganic phosphate concentration	33	i
Cm	15.0	mM	Total sum of mito adenine nucleotides	34	d
VmaxANT	0.05–24.0	mM s−1	Maximal rate of the ANT	35	g,h
h	0.5		Fraction of ΔΨm	35	g,h
[ADP]i	0.05–0.2	mM	Cytoplasmic ADPi concentration	35
[ATP]i	6.5	mM	Cytoplasmic ATPi concentration	35	d
gH	0.01	mM s−1 V−1	Ionic conductance of the inner membrane	36	g,h
ΔpH	−0.6	pH units	pH gradient across the inner membrane	37	k
CPN	10.0	mM	Total sum of mito pyridine nucleotides	30	b
Cmito	1.812	mM V−1	Inner membrane capacitance	2	l,m
Model parameters: calcium dynamics
	0.625–1.25	μM s−1	Vmax uniport Ca2+ transport	38	g,h
[Ca2+]i	2.0 10−2–1.2	μM	Cytosolic Ca2+ concentration	38	i
ΔΨ°	0.091	Volts	Offset membrane potential	38	g,h
Kact	3.8 10−4	mM	Activation constant	38	g,h
Ktrans	0.019	mM	Kd for translocated Ca2+	38	g,h
L	110.0		Keq for conformational transitions in uniporter	38	g,h
na	2.8		Uniporter activation cooperativity	38	g,h
	0.005–0.2	mM s−1	Vmax of Na+/Ca2+ antiporter	39	g,h
b	0.5		ΔΨm dependence of Na+/Ca2+ antiporter	39	g,h
KNa	9.4	mM	Antiporter Na+ constant	39	g,h
[Na+]i	10.0	mM	Cytosolic Na+ concentration	39	g,h
KCa	3.75 10−4	mM	Antiporter Ca2+ constant	39	g,h
n	3		Na+/Ca2+ antiporter cooperativity	39	g,h
f	0.0003		Fraction of free [Ca2+]m	12	g,h

^*References: a, Dudycha et al., 2000; b, Albe et al., 1990; c, calculated from Jeffrey et al., 1999; d, Corkey et al., 1986; e, Singer, 1966; f, adjusted; g, Magnus and Keizer, 1997; h, Magnus, 1995; i, Crompton, 1999; j, calculated from data of Emyanitoff and Kelly, 1982; k, Jung et al., 1989; l, Gunter and Pfeiffer, 1990; m, Wojtczak et al., 1986.