Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients grouped by proteinuria levels.
| Variable | NP group (n = 30) | MP group (n = 31) | P group (n = 65) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NDKD (n = 30) | DKD (n = 96) | |||
| Age (years) | 58.8 ± 11.616 | 58.87 ± 11.575 | 60.12 ± 11.145 | 0.817 |
| Gender | 0.213 | |||
| Male (%) | 17 (56.67) | 17 (54.84) | 46 (70.77) | |
| Female (%) | 13 (43.33) | 14 (45.16) | 19 (29.23) | |
| Durations (years) | 10.47 ± 7.09 | 12.75 ± 7.16 | 17.38 ± 6.90 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.93 (22.69, 27.235) | 25.54 (23.63, 29.76) | 25.56 (22.97, 28.06) | 0.798 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 134.8 ± 18.357 | 132.1 ± 18.846 | 144.02 ± 18.785*## | 0.007 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 81.03 ± 14.371 | 78.13 ± 14.435 | 77.25 ± 10.364 | 0.388 |
| Hb (g/L) | 145.17 ± 15.757 | 140.35 ± 21.827 | 105.15 ± 20.136**## | <0.001 |
| PLT (109/L) | 224.13 ± 49.309 | 236.39 ± 63.964** | 235.52 ± 79.082**## | 0.262 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 10.825 (8.3825, 15.855) | 10.07 (7.06, 14.49) | 7.82 (6.345, 11.13)** | 0.006 |
| UREA (mmol/L) | 5.67 (5.10, 6.86) | 5.59 (4.42, 7.48) | 11.53 (8.42, 14.70)6**## | <0.001 |
| UA (μmol/L) | 342.05 (284.35, 410.475) | 295.4 (266.8, 407.4) | 396 (329.7, 434.425)**## | <0.001 |
| TP (g/L) | 71.35 (66.25, 76.55) | 73.3 (65.8, 75.3) | 63.75 (59.325, 66.875)**## | <0.001 |
| Scr (μmol/L) | 63.25 (53.4, 83.15) | 65.4 (60.7, 73) | 334.6 (133.7, 476.8)**## | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 98.33 (83.83, 106.88) | 97.25 (85.28, 116.87) | 39.72 (22.57, 54.25)**## | <0.001 |
| IL6 (pg/mL) | 2.85 (1.5, 4.77) | 2.98 (1.55, 5.78) | 5.31 (3.53, 7.26)**## | <0.001 |
| SII | 488.84 (345.93, 790.99) | 491.17 (398.47, 715.83) | 595.82 (491.74, 957.48) | 0.002 |
| 24-UTP (mg) | 96.5 (51, 139) | 174 (114, 246) | 3,754 (1567.25, 6,861)**## | <0.001 |
| UACR (mg/g) | 15 (10, 16.25) | 150 (100, 180) | 800 (800, 1,500)**## | <0.001 |
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; WBC, white blood cell count; Hb, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet count; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; UA, uric acid; TP, total protein; Scr, serum creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IL6, interleukin-6; SII, systolic index of inflammation; CysC, cystatin C; 24-UTP, 24-h urinary total protein; UACR, urine albumin creatinine ratio; TGF-β1, transforming growth factor beta 1. Compared with normal proteinuria group, *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01; compared with microproteinuria group, #p < 0.05 and ##p < 0.01.