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. 2025 Apr 10;17(16):23959–23971. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c00770

Table 3. Characteristic Parameter Comparison of Commercial State of the Art GDLs (TPGH: Toray; FB: Freudenberg) with 3D-Printed Materiala.

Property TPH-090 FB H2315C2 3DTP
MPL No Yes No
Electr. conductivity (S/m) 15,00035 ∼8400 ∼1600
Permeability (m–2) 1.7 × 10–11 8.6 × 10–12 (GDL)36 1.57 × 10–9
Effective diffusivity (−) 0.325 0.366 (GDL)37 0.81
Porosity (−) 0.7 0.8 (GDL)38/0.56 (MPL)39 0.88
Thickness (μm) 270 235 500
a

The electrical conductivity is in-plane conductivity. Permeability and diffusivities are given for the through-plane direction.