Table 2.
Cox regression analysis for 180-day mortality. Values are hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals
| Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | HR (95%CI) | P value | HR (95%CI) | P value |
| Age, years | 1.074 (1.040–1.108) | < 0.001 | 1.033 (0.999–1.070) | 0.058 |
| Gender, n(%) | 0.068 | |||
| Male | 1.000 (Reference) | |||
| Female | 0.504 (0.242–1.051) | |||
| Smoking status | ||||
| Non-smoker | 1.000 (Reference) | |||
| Current smoker | 1.451 (0.786–2.681) | 0.234 | ||
| Former smoker | 0.534 (0.126–2.273) | 0.396 | ||
| Alcohol status | ||||
| Non-drinker | 1.000 (Reference) | |||
| Current drinker | 1.024 (0.453–2.315) | 0.954 | ||
| Former drinker | 0.387 (0.119–1.261) | 0.115 | ||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 0.931 (0.855–1.013) | 0.098 | ||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 1.119 (1.003–1.248) | 0.044 | ||
| Vital sign at admission | ||||
| Respiratory rate, breaths per minute | 1.009 (0.920–1.106) | 0.850 | ||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 0.987 (0.970–1.004) | 0.122 | ||
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 0.986 (0.961–1.012) | 0.292 | ||
| Heart rate, beats per minute | 1.017 (0.994–1.041) | 0.155 | ||
| SpO2/FiO2 ratio | < 0.001 | 0.047 | ||
| < 450 | 1.000 (Reference) | 1.000 (Reference) | ||
| ≥ 450 | 0.335 (0.175–0.642) | 0.509 (0.261–0.993) | ||
| Clinical Frailty Scale | < 0.001 | 0.159 | ||
| Non-frail (level < 5) | 1.000 (Reference) | 1.000 (Reference) | ||
| frailty (level ≥ 5) | 4.145 (2.162–7.947) | 1.740 (0.805–3.764) | ||
| Activities of daily living | 0.977 (0.970–0.985) | < 0.001 | 0.988 (0.977–0.998) | 0.021 |
| Feeling Lonely | 0.003 | 0.082 | ||
| No | 1.000 (Reference) | 1.000 (Reference) | ||
| Yes | 2.738 (1.406–5.331) | 1.827 (0.927-3.600) | ||
| Malnutrition | < 0.001 | 0.003 | ||
| No | 1.000 (Reference) | 1.000 (Reference) | ||
| Yes | 3.149 (1.664–5.959) | 2.616 (1.373–4.989) | ||
HR = Hazards Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval