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. 2025 Apr 20;14(4):498. doi: 10.3390/antiox14040498
AGD aminoguanidine
AGE advanced glycation end-product
AKT protein kinase B; AKT
BSA bovine serum albumin
CAT catalase
CCR C-C chemokine receptor
CEL Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine
CK cytokeratin
CMA Nω-(carboxymethyl)arginine
CML Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine
COL collagen
COX cyclooxygenase
DTPA diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid
ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase
GPX glutathione peroxidase
Hb hemoglobin
HDF human dermal fibroblast
HEK human epidermal keratinocyte
HUVEC human umbilical vein endothelial cell
Ig immunoglobulin
IκB inhibitor of NF-κB
IL interleukin
ITAo individual topology angle
JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinase
KLF krüppel-like factor
LT leukotriene
MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCP monocyte chemoattractant protein
MDA malondialdehyde
MG-H1 methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone 1; Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine
MMP matrix metalloproteinase
MPO myeloperoxidase
NBT nitroblue tetrazolium
NF nuclear factor
NRF nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor
PBS phosphate-buffered saline
PECAM platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule
PG prostaglandin
PMSF phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
RAGE receptor for advanced glycation end-products
ROS reactive oxygen species
RT room temperature
SA-β-gal senescence-associated β-galactosidase
SDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
SIRT NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin
SOD superoxide dismutase
TEWL transepidermal water loss
TNF tumor necrosis factor
UV ultraviolet
VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor