Skip to main content
. 2025 Apr 14;15(4):580. doi: 10.3390/biom15040580
HMG-CoA 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A
HMGCS1 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase 1
HMGCS2 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase 2
OXCT1 3-Oxoacid CoA transferase 1
SCOT1 Succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid CoA transferase 1
SUCLA2 Succinyl-CoA ligase 2
ACAT1 Acetyl CoA acetyl transferase 1
MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase
FGF21 Fibroblast growth factor 21
MCT Monocarboxylate transporter
SMCT Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter
GLUT1 Glucose transporter 1
SGLT2 Sodium-coupled glucose transporter 2
SGLT2i Sodium-coupled glucose transporter 2 inhibitor
SLC5A2 Solute carrier, gene family 5, subfamily A, member 2
SLC5A8 Solute carrier, gene family 5, subfamily A, member 8
SLC16A1 Solute carrier, gene family 16, subfamily A, member 1
SLC16A3 Solute carrier, gene family 16, subfamily A, member 3
SLC16A6 Solute carrier, gene family 16, subfamily A, member 6
SLC16A7 Solute carrier, gene family 16, subfamily A, member 7
SLC16A8 Solute carrier, gene family 16, subfamily A, member 8
SLC38A4 Solute carrier, gene family 38, subfamily A, member 4
PPARα Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α
PPRE Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor responsive element
PGC1α Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α
AhR Aryl hydrocarbon receptor
PXR Pregnane X receptor
CAR Constitutive androstane receptor
NAFLD Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
MASLD Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
NLRP3 NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing protein 3
HDAC Histone deacetylase
SIRT Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog
GPR G-protein-coupled receptor
AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase
PI3K Phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase
CBP CREB-binding protein
CREB cAMP-responsive element binding protein
FOXA2 Forkhead box protein A2
BDH1 β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1
FFA3 Free fatty acid receptor 3
PUMA-G Protein upregulated in macrophages in response to interferon γ