| HMG-CoA | 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A |
| HMGCS1 | 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase 1 |
| HMGCS2 | 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase 2 |
| OXCT1 | 3-Oxoacid CoA transferase 1 |
| SCOT1 | Succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid CoA transferase 1 |
| SUCLA2 | Succinyl-CoA ligase 2 |
| ACAT1 | Acetyl CoA acetyl transferase 1 |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| FGF21 | Fibroblast growth factor 21 |
| MCT | Monocarboxylate transporter |
| SMCT | Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter |
| GLUT1 | Glucose transporter 1 |
| SGLT2 | Sodium-coupled glucose transporter 2 |
| SGLT2i | Sodium-coupled glucose transporter 2 inhibitor |
| SLC5A2 | Solute carrier, gene family 5, subfamily A, member 2 |
| SLC5A8 | Solute carrier, gene family 5, subfamily A, member 8 |
| SLC16A1 | Solute carrier, gene family 16, subfamily A, member 1 |
| SLC16A3 | Solute carrier, gene family 16, subfamily A, member 3 |
| SLC16A6 | Solute carrier, gene family 16, subfamily A, member 6 |
| SLC16A7 | Solute carrier, gene family 16, subfamily A, member 7 |
| SLC16A8 | Solute carrier, gene family 16, subfamily A, member 8 |
| SLC38A4 | Solute carrier, gene family 38, subfamily A, member 4 |
| PPARα | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α |
| PPRE | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor responsive element |
| PGC1α | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α |
| AhR | Aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
| PXR | Pregnane X receptor |
| CAR | Constitutive androstane receptor |
| NAFLD | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
| MASLD | Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease |
| NLRP3 | NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing protein 3 |
| HDAC | Histone deacetylase |
| SIRT | Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog |
| GPR | G-protein-coupled receptor |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| PI3K | Phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase |
| CBP | CREB-binding protein |
| CREB | cAMP-responsive element binding protein |
| FOXA2 | Forkhead box protein A2 |
| BDH1 | β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 |
| FFA3 | Free fatty acid receptor 3 |
| PUMA-G | Protein upregulated in macrophages in response to interferon γ |