| BMD | Bone mineral density |
| BMSCs | Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells |
| Runx2 | Runt-related transcription factor 2 |
| OBs | Osteoblasts |
| RANKL | Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand |
| OCs | Osteoclasts |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| ECs | Endothelial cells |
| MAT | Marrow adipose tissue |
| PDGF-BB | Platelet-derived growth factor type BB |
| SLIT3 | Slit guidance ligand 3 |
| CMP | Cold-related musculoskeletal pain |
| Conn.D | Connectivity density |
| NPY | Neuropeptide Y |
| UCP1 | Uncoupling Protein-1 |
| BAT | Brown adipose tissue |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| WBC | Whole body cryotherapy |
| SOST | Sclerostin |
| Srankl | Soluble receptor activator for nuclear factor κ B ligand |
| CTX-1 | Carboxy-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type 1 collagen |
| OCN | Osteocalcin |
| PTH | Parathormone |
| P1NP | Procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide |
| β-CTX | C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen |
| OPN | Osteopontin |
| BSP | Bone sialoprotein |
| Col1 | Collagen I |
| FGF21 | Fibroblast growth factor 21 |
| IL-6 | Interleukin-6 |
| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
| HSCs | Haematopoietic stem cells |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| NHOst | Normal human OBs |
| RBM3 | RNA-binding motif protein 3 |
| ERK | Extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
| OCPs | OC precursors |
| HIF1-α | Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha |
| cMAT | Constitutive MAT |
| rMAT | Regulatory MAT |
| PPAR-γ | Proliferator-activated receptor-γ |
| PGC | Proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator |