Figure 1.

Directional liquid transport on natural planar systems: (a) The Namib Desert beetle utilizes hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions on its elytra to collect fog droplets toward the beetle’s mouthparts; (b) The Texas horned lizard employs a passive capillary network within its integument to transport water directionally toward its snout. The white arrows indicate the capillaries; (c) The carnivorous pitcher plant Nepenthes alata utilizes its peristome—a rim-like structure—to achieve rapid, continuous water transport from the inner to the outer margin. Images reproduced with permission from Refs. [1,2,9].