| CVD | Cardiovascular disease |
| PAD | Peripheral arterial disease |
| CAD | Coronary artery disease |
| CHD | Coronary heart disease |
| ABI | Ankle–brachial systolic blood pressure index |
| ECG | Electrocardiography |
| BMI | Body mass index |
| WHO | World Health Organisation |
| NCDs | Non-communicable diseases |
| PRISMA | Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses |
| JBI | Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data |