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. 2025 Apr 8;14(8):2546. doi: 10.3390/jcm14082546
CI Confidence Interval
Cochran Risk-of-Bias Tool Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool for Randomized Trials
CINAHL Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature
Embase Excerpta Medica Database
IPL Intense Pulsed Light
I2 I-Squared Statistic
KTP laser Potassium Titanyl Phosphate Laser
MMASI Melasma Area and Severity Index
Nd: YAG laser Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser
Nd laser Neodymium Laser
OC Observed Cases
PIH Post-inflammatory Hyperpigmentation
PDL Pulsed Dye Laser
PL Photolysis
PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Q Statistic, Q-value Q Statistic
Q-switched laser Q-switched Laser
RCTs Randomized Controlled Trials
RR Risk Ratio
ROB Risk of Bias
SE Standard Error
SMD Standardized Mean Difference
SP Standard Pulsed
τ2 Between-Study Variance
USA United States of America
VAS Visual Analog Scale
WHO World Health Organization
n Number
nm Nanometer
p p-value
MoveoPL mode Moveo Photo Light Mode
PubMed Public/Publisher MEDLINE