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. 2025 Mar 27;11(4):260. doi: 10.3390/jof11040260
CFU Colony-Forming Unit
DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid
EBM Evidence-Based Medicine
EGFR Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
EMT Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition
FFPE Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded
GMS Gomori Methenamine Silver
HNSCC Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
HRP Horseradish Peroxidase
IHC Immunohistochemistry
IL-6 Interleukin-6
JAK-STAT Janus Kinase-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription
KEGG Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
LFC Logarithmic Fold Change
MMP Matrix Metalloproteinase
mRNA Messenger Ribonucleic Acid
NAC Non-albicans Candida
NF-κB Nuclear Factor Kappa B
OED Oral epithelial dysplasia
OPMD Oral potentially malignant disorder
OSCC Oral squamous cell carcinoma
OTSCC Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma
PAS Periodic Acid–Schiff
PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction
PRISMA-ScR Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews
qPCR Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction
RPKM Reads Per Kilobase of Exon Model per Million Mapped Reads
RT-PCR Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
SDA Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar
scSeq Single-Cell Sequencing
TLR Toll-like receptor
TNF-α Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha
TGF-β Transforming Growth Factor Beta
URM Upstream Regulatory Mechanism
Wnt Wingless-Related Integration Site (Wnt Signalling Pathway)