| FM | Fresh matter |
| DM | Dry matter |
| CP | Crude protein |
| RFV | Relative feeding value |
| NDF | Neutral detergent fiber |
| ADF | Acid detergent fiber |
| WSC | Water soluble carbohydrate |
| ASH | Crude ash |
| LA | Lactic acid |
| AA | Acetic acid |
| PA | Propionic acid |
| BA | Butyric acid |
| LAB | Lactic acid bacteria |
| L. plantarum | Lactobacillus plantarum |
| P. pentosaceus | Pediococcus pentosaceus |
| L. buchneri | Lactobacillus buchneri |
| L. casei | Lactobacillus casei |
| CFU | Colony-forming units |
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