| ACC1 | acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 |
| AhR | aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
| ATGL | adipose triglyceride lipase |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
| AMP | adenosine monophosphate |
| CLA-HY | conjugated linoleic acid hydrase |
| ChREBPα | carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein α |
| CPT1A | carnitine acyltransferase 1A |
| FAS | fatty acid synthase |
| GLP-1 | glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| GPCR | G protein-coupled receptor |
| GPR40 | G protein-coupled receptor 40 |
| GPR120 | G protein-coupled receptor 120 |
| HSL | hormone-sensitive lipase |
| HYA | 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid |
| LA | linoleic acid |
| MASH | metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis |
| PPARγ | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma |
| SCD1 | stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 |
| TGF-β | transforming growth factor-β |
| TRPV1 | transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 |