Table 3. Evidence table for ST in adults: selected findings of recent meta-analyses (24, 25).
| Authors, year (reference) |
Diagnosis (outcome measure) |
Intervention vs. control | Period of observation | Number of studies |
Results:
Hedges’ g [95% CII] and interpretation |
| Vossler et al., 2024 (29) | depression(depression score) | ST vs. no treatment | post-test | 20 | g: 1.09 [0.78; 1.40] + |
| follow-up | 9 | g: 1.23 [0.80; 1.68] + | |||
| ST vs. other PT | post-test | 15 | g: 0.25 [−0.06; 0.56] 0 | ||
| follow-up | 13 | g: 0.09 [−0.15; 0.33] 0 | |||
| IQWiG, 2017 (28) | anxiety disorder (complete remission) | ST vs. other PT | 1 year | 1 (with 3 study arms: Knekt, 2004 [e19]; n = 158) | OR: 0.95 [0.47; 1.94] 0 |
| IQWiG, 2017 (28) | obsessive-compulsive disorder (global symptom improvement) | ST + pharmacotherapy vs. pharmacotherapy alone | 2–3 months | 2 | OR: 3.48 [1.34; 9.03] + |
| IQWiG, 2017 (28) | eating disorders(partial remission) | ST vs. counseling and patient education | 12 months | 1 (Dare, 2001 [e20], n = 84) | OR: 10.29 [1.15; 92.19] + |
| IQWiG. 2017 (28) | mixed disorders(symptom improvement) | ST vs. PT | 5 and 12 months | 1 (Lau, 2007 [e21], n = 151) | OR: 0.36 [0.14; 0.88] + |
| IQWiG, 2017 (28) | somatic symptoms(fatigue, CIE in inflammatory bowel disease) | ST vs. no additional treatment | 3 months | 1 (Vogelaar, 2014 [e22], n = 97) | g: −0.56 [−0.84; −0.27] + |
| IQWiG, 2017 (28) | schizophrenia(global symptoms) | ST + pharmacotherapy vs. pharmacotherapy alone | 2 and 2.5 years | 2 | g: −1.26 [−1.55; −0.98] + |
| IQWiG, 2017 (28) | substance use disorder (heroin dependence)(partial remission) | ST + methadone reduction program vs. counseling, patient education, + methadone reduction program | 6 months | 1 (with 3 study arms: Yandoli, 2002 [e23], n = 119) | OR: 3.23 [1.38; 7.57] + |
CI, confidence interval; CIS, Checklist Individual Strength—fatigue score; n, number of patients in study; OR, odds ratio; PT, psychotherapy; ST, systemic therapy, vs., versus
Interpretation: +: ST superior to the comparison group; 0: no significant difference between ST and comparison group; -: ST inferior to the comparison group.
Hedges’ g: 0.2 weak, 0.5 moderate, 0.8 strong effect