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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Apr 28.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Hum Behav. 2024 Jun 21;8(8):1514–1529. doi: 10.1038/s41562-024-01915-7

Table 4 |.

Descriptive analyses of 4MyBaby debit card transactions among BFY mothers who consented for research use of transaction data

Age 0–1 years Age 1–2 years Age 2–3 years Age 0–3 years
All High cash Low cash All High cash Low cash All High cash Low cash All High cash Low cash
Purchasing behaviour
Number of unique categories purchased from 10.6 16.6 6.3 10.1 15.7 6.0 9.7 15.0 5.8 17.6 26.2 11.5
Only use the debit card at vendors 53% 15% 80% 53% 13% 81% 51% 15% 78% 31% 7% 49%
Transactions done at ATMs 9% 16% 4% 10% 17% 4% 10% 17% 4% 12% 19% 7%
Total amount that is spent at ATMs (%) 18% 35% 6% 18% 35% 6% 18% 34% 6% 18% 35% 7%
Only use the debit card at ATMs 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 2% 2% 3% 2% 1% 1% 1%
Use the card at a mixture of ATM and vendors 46% 84% 19% 46% 85% 17% 46% 81% 20% 68% 92% 50%
Haven’t used the card 2% 0% 3% 2% 1% 4% 2% 0% 3% 1% 0% 1%
No. of months card was used 10.08 11.52 9.03 10.06 11.44 9.05 9.87 11.41 8.73 30.11 34.83 26.78
Per cent of months used the card 84% 96% 75% 84% 95% 75% 82% 95% 73% 84% 97% 74%
Used the card every month 39% 66% 20% 45% 64% 30% 40% 63% 23% 26% 53% 7%
Used the card at least 11 out of 12 months 70% 94% 52% 69% 94% 50% 63% 92% 42%
Used the card at least 35 out of 36 months 46% 84% 20%
Transaction success, number per mother
Approved transactions 54.6 98.9 21.1 52.9 95.5 21.2 49.0 87.6 19.6 152.5 281.9 60.2
Failed transactions due to insufficient funds 2.7 3.7 2.0 2.7 3.8 1.9 1.7 2.5 1.2 7.1 10.1 5.1
Failed transactions due to PIN problems 1.9 2.6 1.4 1.6 2.2 1.2 0.9 1.4 0.6 4.4 6.1 3.2
Failed transactions due to other errors 10.4 14.6 7.3 11.1 15.3 8.0 11.4 16.1 7.9 8.2 11.5 5.9
Transaction amount, top ten categories ($)
ATM 566.7 1,324.8 10.7 583.8 1,367.2 13.0 526.1 1,214.4 17.1 1,642.3 3,912.0 39.9
Department/variety store 47.1 104.0 5.4 38.4 84.1 5.1 42.5 92.4 5.5 125.1 280.4 15.5
Dollar discount 62.5 126.1 15.8 67.2 136.1 17.1 63.6 127.4 16.5 190.0 389.5 49.2
Fast food 72.5 143.2 20.6 77.1 148.8 24.8 98.7 194.0 28.2 247.0 494.5 72.3
Fuel/service station 81.1 156.2 26.0 84.4 157.3 31.2 93.9 178.0 31.8 256.5 496.3 87.2
Grocery store/supermarket 161.1 341.3 29.0 158.4 340.9 25.5 121.1 253.8 23.0 427.1 924.0 76.3
Online variety store 34.4 74.9 4.7 48.3 104.0 7.7 47.8 103.4 6.7 127.8 281.0 19.8
Other 416.2 902.5 59.6 451.0 972.1 71.4 427.4 914.9 66.8 1,271.3 2,790.4 198.8
Phone 61.1 141.0 2.5 71.8 166.4 2.8 64.4 148.6 2.1 192.9 455.7 7.3
Walmart 191.9 414.3 28.7 159.1 343.0 25.2 144.7 309.0 23.2 481.4 1,056.0 75.7
Wholesale 27.5 62.5 1.9 33.8 75.9 3.1 35.3 79.1 2.8 92.4 212.5 7.5
Observations 839 355 484 828 349 479 835 355 480 882 365 517

To be included in the age 0–1, age 1–2 and age 2–3 samples, participants had to have completed the wave 1, wave 2 and wave 3 surveys, respectively. To be included in the age 0–3 sample, participants had to have completed one survey other than the baseline (either wave 1, wave 2 or wave 3).