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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Apr 29.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Int. 2025 Apr 6;198:109433. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109433

Table 2.

Associations between maternal plasma PFAS levels after delivery and inversely normalized measles VARscore during early childhood in 348 post-vaccination children, stratified by maternal race and ethnicity.

PFAS Black (N = 200) Non-black (N = 148) P for interaction PFAS × race
(log2-transformed) Beta ± SE P Beta ± SE P
Me-PFOSA-AcOH −0.12 ± 0.05 0.024 −0.03 ± 0.05 0.600 0.261
PFDeA 0.03 ± 0.07 0.678 0.05 ± 0.07 0.486 0.822
PFHpS −0.20 ± 0.06 0.002 0.07 ± 0.07 0.373 0.009
PFHxS −0.15 ± 0.05 0.005 −0.02 ± 0.07 0.808 0.111
PFNA 0.05 ± 0.09 0.566 0.08 ± 0.09 0.350 0.767
PFOA −0.15 ± 0.07 0.027 0.01 ± 0.08 0.879 0.138
PFOS −0.13 ± 0.07 0.062 −0.04 ± 0.08 0.664 0.478
PFUnA 0.01 ± 0.05 0.840 −0.02 ± 0.05 0.678 0.668
PFAS burden score −0.15 ± 0.11 0.179 0.05 ± 0.12 0.667 0.229

Adjusted for maternal age at delivery, maternal smoking during pregnancy, delivery type, preterm birth, feeding modality, infant’s sex and years since last vaccination.