Table 4.
Subgroup Analyses of Rising-Risk, High-Risk, and Highest-Risk Patients, for (A) All Acute Hospital Encounters and (B) Potentially Preventable Acute Hospital Encountersa
| A. All acute hospital encounters | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rising risk only | High risk only | Highest risk only | ||||
| HAs IRR (95% CI) |
ED visits IRR (95% CI) |
HAs IRR (95% CI) |
ED visits IRR (95% CI) |
HAs IRR (95% CI) |
ED visits IRR (95% CI) |
|
| Level change, control cohorts | 0.58 (0.52-0.66) | 0.61 (0.55-0.68) | 0.57 (0.43-0.75) | 0.70 (0.57-0.87) | ||
| Level change, intervention cohort | 0.45 (0.37-0.56) | 0.54 (0.46-0.63) | 0.54 (0.34-0.85) | 0.53 (0.38-0.75) | ||
| Difference in level changes | 0.70 (0.50-0.98) | 0.58 (0.40-0.85) | 0.77 (0.60-1.01) | 0.88 (0.72-1.08) | 0.95 (0.59-1.53) | 0.76 (0.52-1.11) |
| Slope change, control cohorts | 0.94 (0.92-0.96) | 0.94 (0.92-0.95) | 0.91 (0.87-0.95) | 0.93 (0.90-0.96) | ||
| Slope change, intervention cohort | 0.94 (0.91-0.98) | 0.94 (0.92-0.97) | 0.92 (0.85-1.00) | 0.90 (0.85-0.97) | ||
| Difference in slope changes | 1.01 (0.96-1.07) | 1.05 (1.00-1.11) | 1.00 (0.96-1.05) | 1.00 (0.97-1.04) | 1.01 (0.93-1.10) | 0.97 (0.90-1.04) |
| B. Potentially preventable acute hospital encounters | ||||||
| Rising risk only | High risk only | Highest risk only | ||||
| HAs IRR (95% CI) |
ED visits IRR (95% CI) |
HAs IRR (95% CI) |
ED visits IRR (95% CI) |
HAs IRR (95% CI) |
ED visits IRR (95% CI) |
|
| Level change, control cohorts | 0.56 (0.49-0.64) | 0.57 (0.42-0.77) | 0.69 (0.54-0.89) | 0.70 (0.44-1.13) | ||
| Level change, intervention cohort | 0.44 (0.34-0.58) | 0.63 (0.40-1.00) | 0.36 (0.20-0.67) | 0.68 (0.11-4.09) | ||
| Difference in level changes | 0.76 (0.48-1.22) | 0.85 (<0.01->99.99) | 0.80 (0.60-1.06) | 1.11 (0.63-1.95) | 0.52 (0.27-1.00) | 0.96 (0.15-6.25) |
| Slope change, control cohorts | 0.97 (0.94-0.99) | 0.97 (0.91-1.02) | 0.92 (0.87-0.99) | 0.93 (0.85- 1.01) | ||
| Slope change, intervention cohort | 0.98 (0.94-1.03) | 0.91 (0.84-0.98) | 0.99 (0.89-1.10) | 0.73 (<0.01->99.99) | ||
| Difference in slope changes | 0.99 (0.93-1.06) | 0.94 (<0.01->99.99) | 1.02 (0.97-1.07) | 0.94 (0.85-1.03) | 1.07 (0.94-1.23) | 0.79 (<0.01->99.99) |
ED, emergency department; HA, hospital admission; IRR, incidence rate ratio.
a
The rising-risk analysis was performed using only the postintervention data because event rates were nearly zero by definition in this subset prior to intervention rollout.