Table 3.
Retention of Infants Expected for 6-Month Visit, Overall and by Exposure Group
| Characteristic | Overall Retained at 6 Months1 n/N (%) |
p | Opioid- Exposed Retained at 6 Months1 n/N (%) |
p | Control Retained at 6 Months1 n/N (%) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure status | ||||||
| Control (Unexposed) | 85/103 (83) | .0421 | ||||
| Opioid exposed | 149/207 (72) | |||||
| Maternal age | ||||||
| <25 | 36/46 (78) | .7692 | 16/21 (76) | .8584 | 20/25 (80) | .1587 |
| 25–29 | 65/93 (70) | 40/60 (67) | 25/33 (76) | |||
| 30–34 | 87/108 (81) | 64/81 (79) | 23/27 (85) | |||
| ≥35 | 46/62 (74) | 29/44 (66) | 17/18 (94) | |||
| Maternal marital status | ||||||
| Married | 42/53 (79.2) | .4941 | 14/22 (63.6) | .3544 | 28/31 (90.3) | .1819 |
| Not married | 184/246 (74.8) | 130/178 (73.0) | 54/68 (79.4) | |||
| Maternal education | ||||||
| Less than high school | 38/50 (76.0) | .1248 | 33/44 (75.0) | .5143 | 5/6 (83.3) | .1894 |
| High school diploma | 79/112 (70.5) | 53/77 (68.8) | 26/35 (74.3) | |||
| More than high school | 114/138 (82.6) | 62/79 (78.5) | 52/59 (88.1) | |||
| Public insurance | ||||||
| Yes | 197/267 (73.8) | .0803 | 136/189 (72.0) | .9090 | 61/78 (78.2) | .0547 |
| No | 33/38 (86.8) | 11/15 (73.3) | 22/23 (95.7) | |||
| Parity | ||||||
| 1 | 50/67 (74.6) | .8122 | 20/32 (62.5) | .1762 | 30/35 (85.7) | .5408 |
| 2+ | 184/242 (76.0) | 129/174 (74.1) | 55/68 (80.9) | |||
| Discharged to mother | ||||||
| Yes | 200/262 (76.3) | .5563 | 115/159 (72.3) | .9986 | 85/103 (82.5) | |
| No | 34/47 (72.3) | 34/47 (72.3) | 0/0 (0.0) | |||
| Food insecurity (during pregnancy) | ||||||
| Yes | 65/80 (81.3) | .6533 | 53/66 (80.3) | .4071 | 12/14 (85.7) | .9223 |
| No | 168/213 (78.9) | 96/128 (75.0) | 72/85 (84.7) | |||
| Spending excessive (> 50%) of income on housing costs (0–1 month) | ||||||
| Yes | 131/164 (79.9) | .9204 | 87/113 (77.0) | .9050 | 44/51 (86.3) | .7646 |
| No | 86/107 (80.4) | 49/63 (77.8) | 37/44 (84.1) | |||
| Number of people in household (0–1 month) | ||||||
| 5 or more | 89/118 (75.4) | .1317 | 58/78 (74.4) | .4575 | 31/40 (77.5) | .0931 |
| 4 or fewer | 143/173 (82.7) | 90/114 (78.9) | 53/59 (89.8) | |||
| Moved in last 6 months (0–1 month) | ||||||
| Yes | 52/64 (81.3) | .7312 | 32/38 (84.2) | .2431 | 20/26 (76.9) | .1893 |
| No | 180/227 (79.3) | 116/154 (75.3) | 64/73 (87.7) | |||
| Child and Family Services involvement (0–1 month) | ||||||
| Yes | 71/91 (78.0) | .6259 | 67/87 (77.0) | .9828 | 4/4 (100.0) | .3883 |
| No | 161/200 (80.5) | 81/105 (77.1) | 80/95 (84.2) |
Note. 1 Retained at 6 months if seen for 6-month visit.