Table 4.
Results regarding implementation factors for formal carers in the photo activity (experimental) and general conversation (control) groups based on comparable questions from the semistructured interviews after the 4-week intervention.
| Outcome variable | Experimental group (n=18), n (%) | Control group (n=24), n (%) | Difference tests | P valuea | Effect size | ||||||||
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U | Chi-square (df) |
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r | Cramér V | ||||||||
| Medium and format training | 209.5 | —b | .83 | −0.03 | — | ||||||||
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Very effective | 2 (11) | 1 (4) |
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Effective | 12 (67) | 20 (83) |
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Somewhat effective | 3 (17) | 2 (8) |
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Not effective | 1 (6) | 1 (4) |
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| Activity durationc | — | 0.4 (2) | .84 | — | 0.09 | ||||||||
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Too short | 1 (4) | 2 (7) |
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Just right | 13 (56) | 13 (48) |
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Too long | 9 (39) | 11 (41) |
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Missing | 0 (0) | 1 (4) |
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| 4-wk activity period | — | 1.1 (2) | .59 | — | 0.16 | ||||||||
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Too short | 2 (11) | 1 (4) |
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Just right | 9 (50) | 15 (62) |
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Too long | 7 (39) | 8 (33) |
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| Activity frequency | — | 0.8 (2) | .67 | — | 0.14 | ||||||||
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Too little | 0 (0) | 1 (4) |
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Just right | 10 (56) | 12 (50) |
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Too often | 8 (44) | 11 (46) |
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aSignificance level set at P<.05.
bNot applicable.
cThe n varies for Activity duration, as some formal carers were asked to answer this question multiple times if they did the photo-activity or control activity with more than one resident. Thus formal carers in the photo-activity is n=23, and control activity n=27, as in Figure 4.