Table 1.
Participant characteristics in three successive time periods
| Variables |
Total
(n = 2 009 832) |
2005–2009
(n = 738 954) |
2010–2014
(n = 609 447) |
2015–2019
(n = 661 431) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age (years) | 75.0 ± 13.6 | 76.1 ± 13.2 | 74.6 ± 13.8 | 74.1 ± 13.7 | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 1 058 493 (52.7) | 376 092 (50.9) | 321 741 (52.8) | 360 660(54.5) | <0.001 |
| Race and ethnicity (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Asian | 163 356 (8.1) | 51 744 (7.0) | 50 686 (8.3) | 60 926 (9.2) | |
| Black | 106 411 (5.3) | 34 813 (4.7) | 32 340 (5.3) | 39 258 (5.9) | |
| Hispanic | 265 009 (13.2) | 80 860 (10.9) | 82 704 (13.6) | 101 445 (15.3) | |
| Native American | 5 067 (0.3) | 1 211 (0.2) | 1 757 (0.3) | 2 099 (0.3) | |
| White | 1 420 477 (70.7) | 553 506 (74.9) | 426 092 (69.9) | 440 879 (66.7) | |
| Other | 49 512 (2.5) | 16 820 (2.3) | 15 868(2.6) | 16 824 (2.5) | |
| Diabetes (%) | 542 448 (27.0) | 182 454 (24.7) | 165 980 (27.2) | 194 014 (29.3) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 1 129 989 (57.9) | 365 191 (49.4) | 309 681 (50.8) | 455 117 (75.4) | <0.001 |
| Heart failure (%) | 558 259 (27.8) | 218 980(29.6) | 156 902 (25.7) | 182 377 (27.6) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidaemia (%) | 729 306 (36.3) | 208 821 (28.3) | 234 796 (38.5) | 285 689 (43.2) | <0.001 |
| CKD (%) | 342 821 (17.1) | 79 539 (10.8) | 119 214 (19.6) | 144 068 (21.78) | <0.001 |
| CAD (%) | 562 050 (28.0) | 241 705 (32.7) | 180 857 (29.7) | 139 488(21.1) | <0.001 |
| PAD (%) | 130 233(6.5) | 36 897 (5.0) | 28 592 (4.7) | 64 744 (9.8) | <0.001 |
CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; PAD, peripheral artery disease.