Table 4.

Physical behavior end points used in the studies included in the systematic review^a.

Study	End points
van Eijk et al [24]	Percentage active—vector magnitude counts >100 counts per minute Metabolic equivalent of task score—average daily metabolic equivalent of task Daily vector magnitude − (vector magnitude average × SD of vector magnitude) Daily A1—variation in vertical axis (y; ie, movement against gravity)
Garcia-Gancedo et al [20]	Activity score algorithms to evaluate how much activity is performed Activity classification algorithms to evaluate what activities are performed
Kelly et al [22]	Daytime, nighttime, and 24-h values for duration of wear time; total activity score Daytime and nighttime values for time and percentage time spent active; time and percentage time spent sedentary (not lying); time and percentage time spent lying; time and percentage time sedentary; maximum activity score; mean maximum activity score; number and average duration of active periods (>1 min) also categorized into 5 categories of activity duration:>1 to ≤2 min, >2 to ≤5 min, >5 to ≤15 min, >15 to ≤30 min, ≤30 min active, Nighttime rest end points: percentage time lying down (at night), number of nighttime movement episodes, number of nighttime movement episodes per h, percentage time nighttime rest efficiency, rest fragmentation index (movement time divided by the number of movement episodes), average duration of movement episodes
Rutkove et al [21]	Steps
Rutkove et al [23]	Steps
Karas et al [25]	Smartphone accelerometer data end points:log (activity index), log (activity index from top one min), walking cadence (steps per s), walking cadence (steps pers) from top one min, log (step count), log (step count from top one min) Smartphone GPS data endpoints: log (distance traveled in kilometers), home time (h)
Holdom et al [26]	Proportion of time active Vector magnitude Variation in axis 1 Variation in axis 2 Variation in axis 3
Johnson et al [27]	Wrist—ActiGraph Vendor-derived measures:light activity (min), moderate activity (min), vigorous activity (min), moderate-vigorous physical activity (min), sedentary (min), nonsedentary (min), locomotion (min), nonlocomotion (min), steps, calories, metabolic equivalent of task, total activity counts, sleep (min), Investigator-derived measures (using actigraphy minute-level activity count):total activity count (24-h activity count sum), log total activity count (logarithmic transformation of total activity counts+1), total log activity count (24-h sum of logarithmic transformation of activity count+1), min spent active (min with activity count >1853), min spent inactive, active to sedentary transition probability, sedentary to active transition probability Ankle—modus Vendor-derived measures: second-level step count data, minute-level step sums, daily level step counts, percentage time in low activity (1-15 steps/minute), percentage time medium activity (16-40 steps/minute), percentage time high activity (41+ steps/minute) activity, mean, median, 95th percentile, peak performance index, and max consecutive (60, 20, 5, and 1 minute) cadences
Gupta et al [28]	The number in the bracket refers to the number of end points per each measure Activity index: activity index mean (1), activity index median (1), activity index mode (1), activity index entropy (1), percentage daytime with low activity index (1), percentage daytime with moderate activity index (1), percentage daytime with high activity index (1), percentage acceleration in single direction (3), Spectral: total power (1) Activity bout: bout acceleration (2), bout jerk (2) Submovement: submovement distance (8), submovement velocity (8), submovement acceleration (8), submovement jerk (8), submovement duration (8), submovement principal component 1 score (6), submovement principal component 2 score (6), submovement principal component 3-5 score (18)
van Unnik et al [29]	Vertical Movement Index—based on movements against gravity
Beswick et al [30]	Total vector magnitude counts Vector magnitude counts from ankle-mounted devices during motor assessments
Straczkiewicz et al [31]	Total daily count of flexions by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Total daily count of extensions by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Total daily count of supinations by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Total daily count of pronations by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Total daily count of flexions and extensions by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Total daily count of supinations and pronations by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Average daily duration of 10 fastest flexions by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Average daily duration of 10 fastest extensions by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Average daily duration of 10 fastest supinations by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Average daily duration of 10 fastest pronations by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Average daily duration of 10 fastest flexions and extensions by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Average daily duration of 10 fastest supinations and pronations by at least 45°, 90°, and 135° Total activity counts—a daily (24-h) sum of min–level activity counts

^aFor more details around how these physical behavior end points were derived please refer to the original publications included in the systematic review [20-31].