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. 2025 Feb 14;54(6):947–964. doi: 10.1007/s13280-025-02133-9

Table 6.

Reorganisation in transformative initiatives. The agents’ changes in governance are expressed through their practices related to economic systems, the commons, deliberative processes, and advocacy (see Supplement for details about each code)

Main topic Specific practice Codes
Alternative systems Implementing alternative production systems (agroecology, permaculture, agroforestry, etc.) 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, 24, 27, 29, 30, 33, 34a, 35, 37b, 39, 40, 43, 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51
Developing alternative consumption and distribution systems (local markets, producer-consumer relationships) 5, 6, 14, 16, 24, 26, 30, 33, 43, 45, 47, 51
Adopting cooperative-based and hybrid economic practices (mixing market, solidarity economy, community currency, collective redistribution of earnings, etc.) 3, 4, 5, 8, 13, 14, 18, 21, 24b, 25, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34a, 35, 36, 37d, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 46, 47, 50, 51
Reclaiming and reorganising the commons Reclaiming land and property through collective ownership or access (squatting, land recovery) 4, 8, 12, 21, 28, 29, 30, 34, 36, 37b, 47, 51
Recovering and preserving common resources (water springs, traditional food systems, soil fertility techniques) 5, 16, 23a.b, 33, 35, 37b, 48
Reorganising collective spaces through sustainable architectural projects 1, 7, 12, 16, 17, 19, 20, 25, 28, 29, 34, 45, 49, 50, 51
Collective deliberative processes Utilising formal collective organisation structures (assemblies, board meetings, collectives) 3, 4, 7, 8, 12, 14, 20, 21, 22, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 37a.b, 40, 41, 43, 46, 47, 48, 51
Employing informal collaborative processes for planning and/or decision-making (meetings, circles of conversations) 7, 10, 13, 16, 23, 27, 37a.d, 43, 47
Prioritising consensus-based decision-making and conflict resolution mechanisms 3, 12, 20, 21, 24, 28, 34, 37d, 41, 50, 51
Formalising protocols and agreements through collective action 3, 4, 8, 14, 21, 30
Political engagement and advocacy Influencing policy and legislation through collective mobilisation 11, 30, 34b, 35, 37b.c, 38, 49
Joining anti-globalisation movements 34a, 48, 51
Lobbying for sustainable construction practices 28a, 34b, 49
Fighting for environmental causes 10, 34b
Advocating for animal welfare 18
Promoting food sovereignty 3, 8, 27, 30, 48
Advocating for the rights of vulnerable groups 2, 10, 11, 21, 27, 35, 51
Fighting for land access 2, 4, 8, 27, 48