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. 2025 May 7;25:542. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07392-8

Table 4.

Comparison between women admitted in 2nd stage and women admitted earlier in labour

Admission 2nd stage N = 566 Admission latent/first stage N = 2831 Pearson Chi-square test
Age
 < 20 111 (21.0) 742 (26.8) P = 0.000
 20–24 134 (25.4) 846 (30.6)
 25–29 117 (22.2) 514 (18.6)
 30–34 93 (17.6) 380 (13.7)
 ≥ 35 73 (13.8) 285 (10.3)
Total 528 2767
Missing 38 64
Parity
 Nullipara 147 (26.6) 1062 (37.6) P = 0.000
 Multipara 405 (73.4) 1762 (62.4)
Total 552 2824
Missing 14 7
Previous CS
 Yes 16 (2.9) 249 (8.8) P = 0.000
 No 528 (97.1) 2574 (91.2)
Total 544 2823
Missing 22 7
Type of gestation
 Singleton 544 (96.1) 2769 (97.8) P = 0.018
 Twins 22 (3.9) 62 (2.2)
Total 566 2831
Missing 0 0
Gestational age
 < 32 11 (4.1) 40 (2.4) P = 0.161
 32–34 10 (3.7) 83 (5.0)
 35–36 50 (18.5) 380 (23.1)
 37–39 183 (67.5) 1029 (62.4)
 > 39 17 (6.3) 116 (7.0)
Total 271 1648
Missing 295 1183
ANC visits
 < 4 245 (56.6) 1176 (46.2) P = 0.000
 ≥ 4 188 (43.4) 1370 (53.8)
Total 433 2546
Missing 133 285
Oxytocin augmentation
 Yes 1 (0.2) 97 (3.4) P = 0.000
 No 564 (99.8) 2695 (96.5)
Total 565 2792
Missing 1 39
Mode of birth
 SVB 538 (95.1) 2173 (76.8) P = 0.000
 VE 7 (1.2) 62 (2.2)
 CS 21 (3.7) 596 (21.1)
Total 538 2562
Missing 0 0
Maternal complication
 Any 26 (4.6) 193 (6.8) P = 0.049
 None 539 (95.4) 2630 (93.2)
Total 565 2823
Missing 1 8
Neonate
 Live birth 551 (97.3) 2762 (97.7) P = 0.750
 FSB 6 (1.1) 22 (0.8)
 MSB 5 (0.9) 17 (0.6)
 Neonatal death 4 (0.7) 25 (0.9)
Total 566 2826
Missing 0 5
Birthweight
 < 1500 6 (1.1) 25 (0.9) P = 0.000
 1500–1999 19 (3.4) 47 (1.7)
 2000–2499 74 (13.3) 273 (9.9)
 2500–2999 215 (38.6) 967 (35.0)
 3000–3499 199 (35.7) 1114 (40.3)
 ≥ 3500 44 (7.9) 339 (12.3)
Total 557 2765
Missing 9 66
AS1
 ≥ 7 526 (94.1) 2577 (91.8) P = 0.065
 < 7 33 (5.9) 230 (8.2)
Total 559 2807
Missing 7 24
AS5
 ≥ 7 546 (97.5) 2742 (97.7) P = 0.753
 < 7 14 (2.5) 64 (2.3)
Total 560 2806
Missing 6 25