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. 2025 Apr 25;12:1549388. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1549388

Table 2.

Estimated marginal means at post-test and between subjects effects, representing residual change in curriculum targets and outcomes (pre-post) for cancer CALM vs. controls.

Curriculum targets and outcomes CALM students (n = 30) Control Students (n = 48) Between Subjects effect of group
Est. marginal mean at post-test* SE 95% CI Est. marginal mean at post-test* SE 95% CI F statistic P value
Cancer and nutrition knowledge (0–15) 7.98 0.447 (7.1,8.9) 6.53 0.347 (5.8,7.2) 6.06 0.016
Attitudes toward nutrition in practice 4.12 0.067 (3.9,4.3) 3.93 0.052 (3.8,4.0) 4.43 0.039
Cooking attitudes 3.66 0.074 (3.5,3.8) 3.58 0.058 (3.5,3.7) 0.65 0.424
Perceived control 2.48 0.099 (2.3,2.7) 2.34 0.077 (2.3,2.6) 1.20 0.276
Behavioral efficacy 3.88 0.104 (3.7,4.1) 3.28 0.081 (3.2, 3.4) 19.54 <0.001
Behavioral intentions 4.99 0.209 (4.6,5.4) 4.77 0.163 (4.5,5.1) 0.64 0.427
Cooking skills 5.23 0.130 (5.0,5.5) 5.34 0.101 (5.1,5.5) 0.41 0.525
Diet quality (range 1–12) 6.37 0.395 (5.6,7.2) 5.67 0.286 (5.1,6,2) 1.94 0.168

*Based on univariate linear model with group as fixed effect, and baseline measure of indicator, gender, and cooking frequency at baseline at covariates.