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. 2025 May 8;15:16006. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-99546-z

Table 2.

The top 20 most prevalent diseases among HNHC patients during 2017–2023.

Disease ICD10 HNHC patients Other patients
n % n %
Preterm birth O60 2,950 8.57 11,998 1.84
Congenital malformation of cardiac septa Q21 2,373 6.90 655 0.10
Fracture of lower leg S82 1,217 3.54 2,045 0.31
Pneumonia (unspecified organism) J18 1,198 3.48 144,103 22.04
Dislocation, sprain, and strain of knee S83 1,194 3.47 1,254 0.19
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome P22 1,191 3.46 4,878 0.75
Fracture of forearm S52 962 2.80 4,170 0.64
Fracture of shoulder and upper arm S42 923 2.68 5,483 0.84
Malignant neoplasm C95 772 2.24 702 0.11
Epilepsy G40 504 1.46 8,916 1.36
Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight P07 486 1.41 927 0.14
Congenital malformation of aorta Q25 439 1.28 433 0.07
Acquired deformities of musculoskeletal system/connective tissue M95 431 1.25 401 0.06
Hemophilia (Factor VIII deficiency) D66 348 1.01 173 0.03
Other disorders of brain G93 338 0.98 324 0.05
Pneumothorax J93 335 0.97 1,039 0.16
Paroxysmal tachycardia I47 333 0.97 310 0.05
Other congenital malformations of heart Q24 330 0.96 247 0.04
Crohn’s disease K50 328 0.95 579 0.09
Acquired deformities of fingers and toes M21 324 0.94 354 0.05