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. 2025 May 8;15:15990. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-00758-0

Table 4.

Machine learning model performance.

Factor Random forest Logistic regression Gradient boosting Naive Bayes
True positives (TP) 60 55 55 44
True Negatives (TN) 20 16 22 18
False Positives (FP) 4 8 2 6
False Negatives (FN) 6 11 11 22
Accuracy 0.89 0.79 0.86 0.69
Precision 0.94 0.87 0.96 0.88
Sensitivity (Recall) 0.91 0.83 0.83 0.67
Specificity 0.83 0.67 0.92 0.75
F1 Score 0.92 0.85 0.89 0.76
AUC-ROC 0.91 0.82 0.89 0.74
AUC-PR 0.91 0.88 0.91 0.84

AUC, Area Under the Curve; ROC, Receiver Operating Characteristic; PR, Precision-Recall.